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| code | name_en | population | region | name_alt | dialects | language_use | development | comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| wer | Weri | 4,163 (1978 McElhanon). | Morobe Province, Wau District, headwaters of Biaru, Waria, and Ono rivers. | Sim, Biaru-Waria, Ono. | Speakers also use Standard German. | Literacy rate in first language: 50% to 75%. Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. Grammar. NT: 1984. | Literacy rate in first language: 50% to 75%. Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. Grammar. NT: 1984. | |
| wes | Pidgin, Cameroon | No estimate available. | Primarily in South West and North West provinces, and widespread elsewhere. | Similar to Krio of Sierra Leone and Pidgin English of various West African countries; probably an offshoot of 19th century Krio. Also similar to Sranan (Ian Hancock). There are dialect variations. | Trade language. 2,000,000 mainly second-language users (1989 UBSA). Growing number of first-language speakers. Used by the police, prisons, urban school children at play since 1884. Now the most widespread lingua franca in Cameroon, used by about half the population (Todd and Hancock 1986). | NT: 2002. | NT: 2002. | |
| wet | Perai | 278 (1990 Hinton). | Wetar Island coast, north of Timor, southwest Maluku, Uhak and Moning villages on the northeast coast. | Moning, Uhak. Lexical similarity 93% among dialects, 79% with Aputai, 76% with Tugun, 67% with Ili'uun, 51% with Talur. | Most also use regional Malay. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. | |
| weu | Welaung | 9,550 (2000 WCD). | Wetar Island coast, north of Timor, southwest Maluku, Uhak and Moning villages on the northeast coast. | Moning, Uhak. Lexical similarity 93% among dialects, 79% with Aputai, 76% with Tugun, 67% with Ili'uun, 51% with Talur. | Most also use regional Malay. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. | |
| wew | Wejewa | 65,000 (1997 Grimes, Therik, Grimes, Jacob). | Interior of western Sumba Island, Lesser Sundas. | Weyewa, Lauli (Loli), Tana Righu. | Most also use regional Malay. | NT: 1971. | NT: 1971. | |
| wfg | Yafi | 175 (1975 SIL). | Northeast Papua, border area south of Jayapura near Ampas, villages of Yaffri, Sungguar, Tainda, Abiu, Tokondo. | Weyewa, Lauli (Loli), Tana Righu. | Most also use regional Malay. | NT: 1971. | NT: 1971. | |
| wga | Wagaya | 10 (1983 Black). | Northern Territory, Avon Downs, Camooweal, Austral Downs, area north of Lake Nash. | Weyewa, Lauli (Loli), Tana Righu. | Most also use regional Malay. | NT: 1971. | NT: 1971. | |
| wgg | Wangganguru | 8 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Northern Territory, southeast corner. | Weyewa, Lauli (Loli), Tana Righu. | Most also use regional Malay. | NT: 1971. | NT: 1971. | |
| wgi | Wahgi | 39,000 (1999 SIL). | Western Highlands Province, Minj District, overlapping into Simbu Province, South of the Wahgi River. | Kup-Minj (Kumai), Pukamigl-Andegabu, Kunjip, Kambia, Mid-Wahgi. | Most also use regional Malay. | Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1989. | Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1989. | |
| wgo | Waigeo | 300 (1978 SIL). | North central Waigeo Island off western Bird's Head, Sorong Kabupaten, Waigeo Selatan Kecamatan, Warsanbin, Selegop, Waifoi, Go, Kabilol, Kabare, and Nyandesawai villages. | Metnyo, Metsam. | Most also use regional Malay. | Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1989. | Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1989. | |
| wgy | Warrgamay | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Queensland, coast south of Hinchinbrook Island, and inland along Herbert River. | Metnyo, Metsam. | Most also use regional Malay. | Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1989. | Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1989. | |
| wha | Manusela | 7,000 (1989 SIL). | 30 villages, Manusela mountains of north Seram and along Teluti Bay in south Seram, central Maluku. | Kanikeh, Hatuolu, Maneo, South Manusela. Kanikeh has 66% to 74% lexical similarity with other varieties, Hatuolo 67% to 75%, Maneo 64% to 86%, Maneoratu 66% to 86%, South Manusela 67% to 80%, dialects have 64% to 72% with Huaulu, 42% to 61% with Liana, 45% with Saleman. | Vigorous. Speakers also use Teluti. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| whg | Wahgi, North | 47,000 (1999 SIL). | Western Highlands Province, Minj District, overlapping into Simbu Province. North Wahgi is on the north side of the Wahgi River, and on both sides of the Sepik-Wahgi Divide. | Banz-Nondugl. | Vigorous. Speakers also use Teluti. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| whk | Kenyah, Wahau | 1,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Northeast, north of Muara Wahau and Wahau Kayan. | Uma Timai. | Vigorous. Speakers also use Teluti. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| whu | Kayan, Wahau | 500 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Northeast, north of Muara Wahau. | Uma Timai. | Vigorous. Speakers also use Teluti. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| wib | Toussian, Southern | 19,500 in Burkina Faso (1995 SIL). | Comoé and Houet provinces, about halfway between Banfora and Bobo-Dioulasso, around center of Toussiana. Also spoken in Côte d'Ivoire. | 40% inherent intelligibility of Northern Toussian. Nianha dialect is central. Each village has a separate dialect. | All domains. All ages. All are fairly fluent in Jula (all ages and sexes, adults more than young people, men more than women), and some have low proficiency in French. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | |
| wic | Wichita | 3 (2000 Brian Levy). Ethnic population: 1,400 (2000 David S. Rood). | West central Oklahoma. | Waco, Tawakoni. Close to Kitsai and Pawnee. | Speakers have shifted to English. Speakers are older adults. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | |
| wie | Wik-Epa | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Queensland, Cape York Peninsula, southeast of Aurukun. | Waco, Tawakoni. Close to Kitsai and Pawnee. | Speakers have shifted to English. Speakers are older adults. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | |
| wif | Wik-Keyangan | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Queensland, Cape York Peninsula, southeast of Aurukun. | Waco, Tawakoni. Close to Kitsai and Pawnee. | Speakers have shifted to English. Speakers are older adults. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | |
| wig | Wik-Ngathana | 126 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Queensland, Cape York Peninsula, west coast below Aurukun. | Waco, Tawakoni. Close to Kitsai and Pawnee. | Speakers have shifted to English. Speakers are older adults. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | |
| wih | Wik-Me'anha | 12 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Queensland, Cape York Peninsula, southeast of Aurukun. | Waco, Tawakoni. Close to Kitsai and Pawnee. | Speakers have shifted to English. Speakers are older adults. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | |
| wii | Wiaki | 766 (2003 SIL). | Sandaun Province, north of Beli, Laeko-Libuat. | Waco, Tawakoni. Close to Kitsai and Pawnee. | Speakers have shifted to English. Speakers are older adults. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | |
| wij | Wik-Iiyanh | 40 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Queensland, central Cape York Peninsula, southwest of Coen. | Waco, Tawakoni. Close to Kitsai and Pawnee. | Speakers have shifted to English. Speakers are older adults. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | |
| wik | Wikalkan | 86 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Aurukun, Queensland. | Wik-Ngandjara (Ngandjara), Ngadanja. | Young people speak Wik-Mungkan. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | |
| wil | Wilawila | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Western Australia, central Kimberleys. | Wik-Ngandjara (Ngandjara), Ngadanja. | Young people speak Wik-Mungkan. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | Literacy rate in second language: 5% in French, 3% in Jula. Bible portions: 2001. | |
| wim | Wik-Mungkan | 400 (1990 Schmidt). | Edward River to Aurukun, Queensland. | Wik-Ngandjara (Ngandjara), Ngadanja. | 600 second-language speakers. Some also use English. | Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1985. | Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1985. | |
| win | Ho-Chunk | 230 (1997 Valdis J. Zeps). Ethnic population: 6,000 (1995 V. Zeps). 822 enrolled in Nebraska (1968 USA BIA). | Scattered locations in central Wisconsin and Winnebago Reservation in eastern Nebraska. | Wisconsin, Nebraska. | In Wisconsin, most adults speak the language. In Nebraska, most are older adults (1998). In 1968, 10% were limited in their use of English. Now reported to be proficient in English. | There is a Language Program which plans a full-immersion Hocák school system, grades preschool through community college. Bible portions: 1907. | There is a Language Program which plans a full-immersion Hocák school system, grades preschool through community college. Bible portions: 1907. | |
| wir | Wiraféd | Extinct. | Rondônia, on the Riosinho and Muquí tributaries of the Jiparaná. | Wisconsin, Nebraska. | In Wisconsin, most adults speak the language. In Nebraska, most are older adults (1998). In 1968, 10% were limited in their use of English. Now reported to be proficient in English. | There is a Language Program which plans a full-immersion Hocák school system, grades preschool through community college. Bible portions: 1907. | There is a Language Program which plans a full-immersion Hocák school system, grades preschool through community college. Bible portions: 1907. | |
| wit | Wintu | 5 or 6 (1997 Shepherd). Ethnic population: 2,244 (1997 Shepherd). | California, Clear Lake and Colusa area and northward. | Wintu, Patwin, Nomlaki. | Speakers have shifted to English. | There is a Language Program which plans a full-immersion Hocák school system, grades preschool through community college. Bible portions: 1907. | There is a Language Program which plans a full-immersion Hocák school system, grades preschool through community college. Bible portions: 1907. | |
| wiu | Wiru | 15,292 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Southern Highlands Province, Ialibu District. | Wintu, Patwin, Nomlaki. | Speakers have shifted to English. | Literacy rate in first language: 50% to 75%. Literacy rate in second language: 25% to 50%. Grammar. NT: 1990. | Literacy rate in first language: 50% to 75%. Literacy rate in second language: 25% to 50%. Grammar. NT: 1990. | |
| wiv | Muduapa | 8,800 (1991 SIL). | West New Britain Province, Talasea District, Vitu and Mudua islands off the northwest coast. | 2 or 3 dialects. The variety spoken on Mudua Island may be a separate language. Related to Bali. | Speakers have shifted to English. | Literacy rate in first language: 15% to 25%. Literacy rate in second language: 75% to 100%. Two or more vernacular primary schools. Bible portions: 2001. | Literacy rate in first language: 15% to 25%. Literacy rate in second language: 75% to 100%. Two or more vernacular primary schools. Bible portions: 2001. | |
| wiw | Wirangu | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | South Australia, coast between head of Bight and Streaky Bay and inland to Ooldea Region. | 2 or 3 dialects. The variety spoken on Mudua Island may be a separate language. Related to Bali. | Speakers have shifted to English. | Literacy rate in first language: 15% to 25%. Literacy rate in second language: 75% to 100%. Two or more vernacular primary schools. Bible portions: 2001. | Literacy rate in first language: 15% to 25%. Literacy rate in second language: 75% to 100%. Two or more vernacular primary schools. Bible portions: 2001. | |
| wiy | Wiyot | Extinct. Ethnic population: 450 (2000 Yamamoto) to 800 (1997 Teeter). | Formerly in northwestern California. | 2 or 3 dialects. The variety spoken on Mudua Island may be a separate language. Related to Bali. | Last speaker died in 1962 (Teeter 1975). | Dictionary. Grammar. | Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| wji | Warji | 77,665 (2000 WCD). | Bauchi State, Ningi LGA; Jigawa State, Birnin Kudu LGA. | Gala may be a dialect. | Speakers are shifting to Hausa. | Literacy rate in second language: 10%. | Literacy rate in second language: 10%. | |
| wka | Kw'adza | Extinct. | Mbulu District. | Related to Iraqw. | C. Ehret was reported to be working with the last speaker (M. L. Bender 1976:280). Confirmed by R. Kiessling (1999). | Literacy rate in second language: 10%. | Literacy rate in second language: 10%. | |
| wkw | Wakawaka | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Nanango north to Mt. Perry, west to Boyne River, at Kingaroy, Murgon, and Gayndah, Queensland. | Duungidjawu, Wagawaga. Related to Wuliwuli, Barunggam, Gayabara, Muringam, which may be extinct. | Most speak English as second language. | Literacy rate in second language: 10%. | Literacy rate in second language: 10%. | |
| wla | Walio | 227 (2003 SIL). | East Sepik Province. | Lexical similarity 12% with Yabio. | Most speak English as second language. | Literacy rate in second language: 10%. | Literacy rate in second language: 10%. | |
| wlg | Kunbarlang | 50 to 100 (1983 Black). | Oenpelli, Maningrida, and Goulburn Island, Northern Territory. | Lexical similarity 12% with Yabio. | Members of the ethnic group generally speak Gunwinggu. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| wli | Waioli | 3,000 (1987 Voorhoeve and Visser). | North Halmahera, between Sahu and Ibu languages, north Maluku. | Lexical similarity 81% with Gamkonora. | Members of the ethnic group generally speak Gunwinggu. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| wlk | Wailaki | Extinct. | Formerly on the Round Valley Reservation, northern California. | Lexical similarity 81% with Gamkonora. | Members of the ethnic group generally speak Gunwinggu. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| wll | Wali | 487 (1977 Voegelin and Voegelin). | Northern Sudan, in the Wali Hills, south of Karko Hills. | Lexical similarity 81% with Gamkonora. | Members of the ethnic group generally speak Gunwinggu. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| wlo | Wolio | 34,529 in Indonesia (2000 WCD). | Southwestern Buton Island in Bau-Bau, Southeast Sulawesi. Also spoken in Malaysia (Sabah). | Lexical similarity 61% with Cia-Cia, 60% with Masiri and Lantoi. | Trade language. Wolio is the former court language of the Sultan at Baubau and a few surrounding communities, and formerly used by the nobility in the region. Official regional language. | Arabic script. Dictionary. Grammar. | Arabic script. Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| wlu | Wuliwuli | Extinct. | Queensland, southwestern, Dawson River, Baralaba, Banana, Theodore. | Lexical similarity 61% with Cia-Cia, 60% with Masiri and Lantoi. | Trade language. Wolio is the former court language of the Sultan at Baubau and a few surrounding communities, and formerly used by the nobility in the region. Official regional language. | Arabic script. Dictionary. Grammar. | Arabic script. Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| wlv | Wichí Lhamtés Vejoz | 25,000 in Argentina (1991 UBS). | Northern area: Chaco, Formosa, Salta, Jujuy. Generally west of Toba, along upper Bermejo River Valley and Pilcomayo River. Also spoken in Bolivia. | Bermejo Vejoz. Not intelligible with other Chaco languages. | Bilingual level estimates for Spanish: 0 0%, 1 80%, 2–3 19%, 4–5 1%. | Bible: 2002. | Bible: 2002. | |
| wlw | Walak | 1,500 (1993 Doriot). | Villages of Ilugwa, Wodo, Bugi, Mogonik, Wurigelebut. | Bermejo Vejoz. Not intelligible with other Chaco languages. | Bilingual level estimates for Spanish: 0 0%, 1 80%, 2–3 19%, 4–5 1%. | Bible: 2002. | Bible: 2002. | |
| wly | Waling | Extinct. | Koshi Zone, Bhojpur District, Khairang Panchayat. | Related to Dungmali. | Members of the ethnic group now speak Bantawa. | Bible: 2002. | Bible: 2002. | |
| wma | Mawa | Extinct. | Bauchi State, Toro LGA, possibly Mara village. | Related to Dungmali. | Members of the ethnic group now speak Bantawa. | Bible: 2002. | Bible: 2002. | |
| wmb | Wambaya | 12 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Northern Territory, Barkly Tableland, headwaters of Limmen Bight and McArthur rivers, and east of Lake Woods. | Wambaya, Binbinga (Binbinka), Gudandji. Black (1983) says the dialects are inherently intelligible. | Speakers are shifting to Kriol. | Dictionary. Grammar. | Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| wmc | Wamas | 218 (2000 WCD). | Madang Province, 10 villages. | Wambaya, Binbinga (Binbinka), Gudandji. Black (1983) says the dialects are inherently intelligible. | Speakers are shifting to Kriol. | Dictionary. Grammar. | Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| wme | Wambule | 4,471 (2001 census). | Sagarmatha Zone, Udayapur and Okhaldhunga districts. | Bonu, Ubu. Closest to Jerung. | Vigorous. All ages. Nepali is used. Some bilingualism in Bahing resulting from intermarriage. | Literacy rate in second language: 10%. Dictionary. | Literacy rate in second language: 10%. Dictionary. | |
| wmh | Waima'a | 3,000 (2001). Ethnic population: 3,000 or more. | Northeast coast Timor Island, enclave within Makasae-speaking area. | Many Trans-New Guinea loanwords similar to Makasae. Related to Habu and Kairui. Classification needs further investigation. May be a co-dialect with Kairui-Midiki. | Vigorous. All ages. Nepali is used. Some bilingualism in Bahing resulting from intermarriage. | Literacy rate in second language: 10%. Dictionary. | Literacy rate in second language: 10%. Dictionary. | |
| wmi | Wamin | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Queensland, south central Cape York Peninsula, Einasleigh River, northwest of Einasleigh. | Many Trans-New Guinea loanwords similar to Makasae. Related to Habu and Kairui. Classification needs further investigation. May be a co-dialect with Kairui-Midiki. | Vigorous. All ages. Nepali is used. Some bilingualism in Bahing resulting from intermarriage. | Dictionary. Grammar. | Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| wmm | Maiwa | 50,000 (1990 SIL). | South Sulawesi, Enrekang and Sidenrang districts. | Many Trans-New Guinea loanwords similar to Makasae. Related to Habu and Kairui. Classification needs further investigation. May be a co-dialect with Kairui-Midiki. | Vigorous. All ages. Nepali is used. Some bilingualism in Bahing resulting from intermarriage. | Dictionary. Grammar. | Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| wmo | Wom | 4,264 (2003 SIL). | East Sepik Province, east of Wara Sikau, Maprik District. 12 villages, foothills of Torricelli Mountains, 22 km west northwest of Maprik in Dreikikir District, Maprik Province. | 2 slightly different dialects. | Vigorous. Speakers also use Tok Pisin. | Literacy rate in first language: below 5%. Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 5%. Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. | |
| wms | Wambon | 3,000 (1987 SIL). | South coast area northeast of Mandobo language area. | 2 slightly different dialects. | Used in the home. | Literacy rate in first language: below 5%. Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 5%. Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. | |
| wmt | Walmajarri | 1,000 (1990 Schmidt). | Western Australia, along the Fitzroy River valley, Lake Gregory and La Grange. | Djuwarliny (Juwaliny, Tjuwalinj). The western group speaks Juwaliny. | Some children understand and respond to Walmajarri, but their first language is Kriol. | Dictionary. Grammar. Bible portions: 1978–1985. | Dictionary. Grammar. Bible portions: 1978–1985. | |
| wnb | Wanambre | 589 (2003 SIL). | Madang Province. | Djuwarliny (Juwaliny, Tjuwalinj). The western group speaks Juwaliny. | Some children understand and respond to Walmajarri, but their first language is Kriol. | Dictionary. Grammar. Bible portions: 1978–1985. | Dictionary. Grammar. Bible portions: 1978–1985. | |
| wnc | Wantoat | 8,201 (1978 McElhanon). Population includes 393 Bam (1978 McElhanon) and 492 Yagawak (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Morobe Province, Kaiapit District, Wantoat, Leron, and Bam rivers. | Wapu (Leron), Central Wantoat, Bam, Yagawak (Kandomin). | Some children understand and respond to Walmajarri, but their first language is Kriol. | Literacy rate in second language: 25% to 50%. NT: 1975. | Literacy rate in second language: 25% to 50%. NT: 1975. | |
| wnd | Wandarang | Extinct. | Arnhem Land, Roper River area, Northern Territory. | Related to Mara. | Members of the ethnic group now speak Kriol. | Dictionary. Grammar. | Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| wne | Waneci | 95,000 (1998). | Northeastern Balochistan Province, Harnai area. | Lexical similarity 71% to 75% with Southern Pashto, 63% to 72% with other Pashto varieties, 27% with Ormuri. | Members of the ethnic group now speak Kriol. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: below 5%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: below 5%. | |
| wng | Wanggom | 875 (2002 SIL). | Biwage II village. | Close to Wambon, Mandobo Atas, Mandobo Bawah, Kombai. | Used in the home. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: below 5%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: below 5%. | |
| wnk | Wanukaka | 10,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Sumba Island, southwest coast, east of Lamboya. | Wanukaka, Rua. Close to, but unintelligible to speakers of Wejewa, Mamboru, Lamboya, and Anakalangu. Intelligibility of varieties in east Sumba and Kambera uncertain. | Used in the home. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: below 5%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: below 5%. | |
| wnm | Wanggamala | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Northern Territory, Hay River, south of Andegerebinha. | Wanukaka, Rua. Close to, but unintelligible to speakers of Wejewa, Mamboru, Lamboya, and Anakalangu. Intelligibility of varieties in east Sumba and Kambera uncertain. | Used in the home. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: below 5%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: below 5%. | |
| wno | Wano | 7,000 (2001 Burung). | Central highlands area on upper Rouffaer River basin north of Damal, northwest of Dem, south of Kirikiri. Places are Kiagai, Lumo, Weiga, Puduk (Puluk), Yamo River, Wodegoduk, Kendo-Kendo River, Dukibeci (Lukibesi), Mui River, Fawi, Nggweri, Dagai, Acodi, Wuduma, Tigit, Dumo (Lumo), Kirudomo, Puduk, Mburumuome, Biricare, Mbomban, Yedome (Yei), Acodi, Wanggiva, Kawaimu, Damuk, Anevawi, Ambogobak, Tumbwi, Nggibaga, Nggubugani, Wandini. Partial villages are Iratoi, Turumo, Fawi. | Close to Western Dani, Nggem, Walak. Lexical similarity 65% with Western Dani. | Used in religious services. Western Dani, Dem, Moni, or Indonesian spoken by leaders, men, adults, young people who have been to school and who have intermarried. | Grammar. Bible portions: 1979–1989. | Grammar. Bible portions: 1979–1989. | |
| wnp | Wanap | 1,066 (2003 SIL). | Sandaun Province, north of Mehek, northeast of Siliput. | Related to Agi, Aru, Aruop, Bragat, Nabi. | Used in religious services. Western Dani, Dem, Moni, or Indonesian spoken by leaders, men, adults, young people who have been to school and who have intermarried. | Grammar. Bible portions: 1979–1989. | Grammar. Bible portions: 1979–1989. | |
| wnu | Usan | 1,400 (1991 SIL). | Madang Province, Madang District. | Related to Yarawata, Bilakura, Ukuriguma. | Used in religious services. Western Dani, Dem, Moni, or Indonesian spoken by leaders, men, adults, young people who have been to school and who have intermarried. | Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. Grammar. NT: 2001. | Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. Grammar. NT: 2001. | |
| woa | Tyaraity | 10 (1983 Black). | Delissaville, Northern Territory. They were originally near the mouth of the Reynold River. | Related to Yarawata, Bilakura, Ukuriguma. | All or most also use English. | Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. Grammar. NT: 2001. | Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. Grammar. NT: 2001. | |
| wob | Wè Northern | 156,300 (1993 SIL). | Western Department, subprefectures of Kouibly and Fakobly. | Tao, Péomé, Sémien (Gbéan). Kouibly dialect is intelligible for about half of the Wè Southern speakers. Lexical similarity 90% to 94% among dialects, Kouibly dialect (Tao and Gbean) has 84% to 89% lexical similarity with Wè Southern dialects. | Speakers also use French. | Literacy rate in first language: 1% to 5%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 25%. Grammar. NT: 1984. | Literacy rate in first language: 1% to 5%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 25%. Grammar. NT: 1984. | |
| wod | Wolani | 5,000 (1992 UBS). | Western central highlands along Kemandoga and Mbiyandogo rivers, north of Ekari language 75 miles northeast of Lake Paniai, north of Wissel Lakes and northwest of the Moni. | Tao, Péomé, Sémien (Gbéan). Kouibly dialect is intelligible for about half of the Wè Southern speakers. Lexical similarity 90% to 94% among dialects, Kouibly dialect (Tao and Gbean) has 84% to 89% lexical similarity with Wè Southern dialects. | Speakers also use French. | Bible portions: 1984–1995. | Bible portions: 1984–1995. | |
| wof | Wolof, Gambian | 165,000 (2002). | Western Division, south bank of the Gambia River and central. Wolof on the north bank speak Wolof of Senegal. | Wolof of Senegal is intelligible with that of Gambia but with significant enough differences to require adaptation of materials. Needs further investigation. | Speakers also use French. | Bible portions: 1882–1967. | Bible portions: 1882–1967. | |
| wog | Wogamusin | 700 (1998 SIL). | East Sepik Province, Ambunti District. 4 villages. | Wolof of Senegal is intelligible with that of Gambia but with significant enough differences to require adaptation of materials. Needs further investigation. | Many Tok Pisin speakers. Some young people learning English. | Literacy rate in first language: below 5%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 25%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 5%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 25%. | |
| woi | Kamang | 16,522 (2000 WCD). | Alor Island, east central, between Abui and Tanglapui. 'Woisika' is the name of 1 village. The Kamang dialect is spoken there and in 2 other villages. Apui is reported as a place name, not a dialect. | Lembur (Limbur, Kawel), Sibo, Kamang, Tiayai, Watang, Kamana-Kamang. Probably more than one language. | Many Tok Pisin speakers. Some young people learning English. | Literacy rate in first language: below 5%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 25%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 5%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 25%. | |
| wol | Wolof | 10,000 in Mauritania (1993 Johnstone). | Western and central, left bank of Senegal River to Cape Vert. Also spoken in France, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Mauritania. | Baol, Cayor, Dyolof (Djolof, Jolof), Lebou, Ndyanger. | Language of wider communication. | Literacy rate in first language: 10%. Literacy rate in second language: 30%. Radio programs. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1988. | Literacy rate in first language: 10%. Literacy rate in second language: 30%. Radio programs. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1988. | |
| wom | Wom | 5,000 (1989 Blench). | Adamawa State, Fufore LGA. | Close to Samba Leko. | Language of wider communication. | Literacy rate in first language: 10%. Literacy rate in second language: 30%. Radio programs. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1988. | Literacy rate in first language: 10%. Literacy rate in second language: 30%. Radio programs. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1988. | |
| woo | Manombai | 7,475 (1995 J. Hughes). | West coast of Wokam Island, from Wokam village southwards, in 21 villages along both sides of Manombai Strait (Sungai) as far as Wakua, and in Benjina on Kobror Island, and Gardakau on Maikor Island at the western end of Barakai Strait, and small village of Kobamar on east coast of Wokam Island. It may be no longer spoken on Wamar Island. Aru Islands, Southeast Maluku. | Not inherently intelligible with Dobel. Lexical similarity 76% with Lorang. | Vigorous. | Literacy rate in first language: 10%. Literacy rate in second language: 30%. Radio programs. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1988. | Literacy rate in first language: 10%. Literacy rate in second language: 30%. Radio programs. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1988. | |
| wor | Woria | 5 to 6 (2000 Wurm). | Interior Waropen Bawah, Botawa village. | Lexical similarity 64% with Barapasi, 64% with Demisa, 63% with Kofei, 69% with Tunggare. | Vigorous. | Literacy rate in first language: 10%. Literacy rate in second language: 30%. Radio programs. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1988. | Literacy rate in first language: 10%. Literacy rate in second language: 30%. Radio programs. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1988. | |
| wos | Hanga Hundi | 6,008 (1983 SIL). | East Sepik Province, Pagwi District. 16 villages. | Close to Ambulas. | Vigorous. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. | |
| wow | Wawonii | 22,000 (1991 SIL). Population includes 14,000 Wawonii, 7,500 Menui. | Southeast Sulawesi, Wawonii and Menui islands near Kendari. | Wawonii, Menui. Lexical similarity 75% with Bungku and Tulambatu, 66% with Taloki, Kulisusu, and Koroni, 65% with Moronene. | Vigorous. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. | |
| woy | Weyto | Extinct. Ethnic population: 1,631 of whom 1,519 (93%) speak Amharic as first language, others speak other first languages. | Lake Tana Region. | The former language was possibly Eastern Sudanic or an Awngi variety (Bender 1983), or Cushitic (Bender, Bowen, Cooper, and Ferguson 1976:14). | Vigorous. | Literacy rate in second language: 16.2%. | Literacy rate in second language: 16.2%. | |
| wpc | Maco | 2,500 (2002 Miller). | Tributaries of the Ventuari River, Wapuchi, Paru, Yureba, and Marueta rivers, in the villages of Marueta, Wapuchi, Porvenir, Tavi-Tavi, Mariche, Morocoto. | The former language was possibly Eastern Sudanic or an Awngi variety (Bender 1983), or Cushitic (Bender, Bowen, Cooper, and Ferguson 1976:14). | Possibly 50% of the men also use Spanish. Some also speak Piaroa. | Literacy rate in second language: 16.2%. | Literacy rate in second language: 16.2%. | |
| wra | Warapu | 300 (2000 Wurm). Ethnic population: 1,602 including 442 nonresidents (1983 census). | Sandaun Province, coast near Sera and Sissano, northwest peninsula of the Sissano lagoon, around Sumo and Ramu towns. | Related to Krisa, Rawo, Puari. | Possibly 50% of the men also use Spanish. Some also speak Piaroa. | Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. | Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. | |
| wrb | Warluwara | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Queensland, Roxborough Downs. | Related to Krisa, Rawo, Puari. | Possibly 50% of the men also use Spanish. Some also speak Piaroa. | Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. | Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. | |
| wrd | Warduji | 5,000 (1994). | Werdoge River area west of Ishkashim, northeast Afghanistan. | Probably a Western Farsi dialect. May be Pamir. | Possibly 50% of the men also use Spanish. Some also speak Piaroa. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. | |
| wrg | Warungu | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Queensland, northeast of Einasleigh. | Related to Ngaygungu and Yirandhali. | Possibly 50% of the men also use Spanish. Some also speak Piaroa. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| wrh | Wiradhuri | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | New South Wales, from Murray River to Macquarie River, along Lachlan River from junction with Murrumbidgee River to Parkes. | Related to Ngaygungu and Yirandhali. | Possibly 50% of the men also use Spanish. Some also speak Piaroa. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| wri | Wariyangga | Extinct. | Western Australia, southeast of Mount Augustus, West Pilbara. | Related to Ngaygungu and Yirandhali. | Possibly 50% of the men also use Spanish. Some also speak Piaroa. | Dictionary. | Dictionary. | |
| wrl | Warlmanpa | 50 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Northern Territory, Mount Leichhardt area. | Related to Ngaygungu and Yirandhali. | Members of the ethnic group generally speak Kriol. | Dictionary. | Dictionary. | |
| wrm | Warumungu | 200 (1983 Black). | Tennant Creek area, Northern Territory. | Related to Ngaygungu and Yirandhali. | Members of the ethnic group generally speak Kriol. | Dictionary. | Dictionary. | |
| wrn | Warnang | 1,100 (1956 census). | Northern Sudan, on small isolated hills in the extreme eastern part of the Nuba Hills between Talodi and the White Nile. | Lexical similarity 67% with Ko (closest). | Members of the ethnic group generally speak Kriol. | Dictionary. | Dictionary. | |
| wrp | Waropen | 6,000 (1987 SIL). | East Cenderawasih Bay, south coast of Serui Island. | Waropen Kai, Napan, Mo'or. | Members of the ethnic group generally speak Kriol. | Literacy rate in second language: 25%. | Literacy rate in second language: 25%. | |
| wrr | Wardaman | 50 (1983 Black). | Northern Territory, upper Daly River. | Close to Yangman and Dagoman, which are extinct. | Members of the ethnic group generally speak Kriol. | Dictionary. Grammar. | Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| wrs | Waris | 1,500 in Indonesia. | Northeast Papua south of Jayapura. | Close to Yangman and Dagoman, which are extinct. | Members of the ethnic group generally speak Kriol. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. Dictionary. NT: 2003. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. Dictionary. NT: 2003. | |
| wru | Waru | 350 (1991 SIL). | Southeast Sulawesi, Kendari District, Asera Subdistrict, Mopute village by the Lindu River. | Waru, Lalomerui. Waru dialect has 86% lexical similarity with Lalomerui, 79% with Tolaki dialects and Mekongga, 70% with Rahambuu and Kodeoha, 54% with the Mori and Bungku groups. | Members of the ethnic group generally speak Kriol. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. Dictionary. NT: 2003. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. Dictionary. NT: 2003. | |
| wrv | Waruna | 600 (1991 SIL). | Western Province, Aramia River area, Waruna village. | Lexical similarity 50% with Ari. | Speakers also use Gogodala. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. Dictionary. NT: 2003. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. Dictionary. NT: 2003. | |
| wrw | Gugu Warra | Extinct. | Queensland, Cape York Peninsula, west bank of Normanby River. | Lexical similarity 50% with Ari. | Speakers also use Gogodala. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. Dictionary. NT: 2003. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. Dictionary. NT: 2003. | |
| wrx | Wae Rana | 4,242 (2000 WCD). | South central Flores, between Manggarai and Ngad'a. | Lexical similarity 50% with Ari. | Speakers also use Gogodala. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. Dictionary. NT: 2003. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. Dictionary. NT: 2003. | |
| wry | Merwari | 1,312 (2000 WCD). | Rajasthan, Ajmer, Nagaur districts. | Lexical similarity 60% to 73% between varieties of Merwari in Ajmer and Nagaur districts; 49% to 74% with Marwari, 58% to 80% with Shekhawati, 44% to 70% with Godwari, 54% to 72% with Mewari, 62% to 70% with Dhundari, 57% to 67% with Harauti. | Speakers also use Hindi. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. Dictionary. NT: 2003. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. Dictionary. NT: 2003. | |
| wrz | Waray | 4 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Adelaide River area, Northern Territory. | Lexical similarity 60% to 73% between varieties of Merwari in Ajmer and Nagaur districts; 49% to 74% with Marwari, 58% to 80% with Shekhawati, 44% to 70% with Godwari, 54% to 72% with Mewari, 62% to 70% with Dhundari, 57% to 67% with Harauti. | Speakers also use Hindi. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| wsa | Warembori | 600 (1998 SIL). | North coast, mouth of Mamberamo River and west to Poiwai, villages of Warembori, Tamakuri, and Bonoi. | Close to Yoke. Lexical similarity 33% with Yoke and 30% with Austronesian. | About 20 people use it as their second or third language. Used in the home. Most are 20 and older, but there are speakers below 20. Most are proficient in Papuan Malay. Indonesian and Yoke also spoken. | Literacy rate in second language: 30% in Indonesian. Dictionary. Grammar. | Literacy rate in second language: 30% in Indonesian. Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| wsk | Waskia | 15,938 (2003 SIL). | Madang Province, Madang District, Karkar Island. | Closest to Korak. | About 20 people use it as their second or third language. Used in the home. Most are 20 and older, but there are speakers below 20. Most are proficient in Papuan Malay. Indonesian and Yoke also spoken. | Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1985. | Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1985. |
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