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| code | name_en | population | region | name_alt | dialects | language_use | development | comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ngx | Nggwahyi | 2,000 (1995). | Borno State, Askira-Uba LGA. | Closest to Khlor. Related to Alak 2. | Speakers also use Fulfulde, Hausa, Gudu, or Nzanyi. | Videos. Dictionary. NT: 1987. | Videos. Dictionary. NT: 1987. | |
| nhb | Beng | 17,000 (1993 SIL). | Central Department. 20 villages in the northeast corner of M'bahiakro Subprefecture and 2 villages in Prikro Subprefecture. | Closest to Khlor. Related to Alak 2. | Speakers have some proficiency in Baoulé, Jula, or French. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: below 5%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: below 5%. | |
| nhc | Nahuatl, Tabasco | Extinct. | State of Tabasco, towns of Cupilco and Tecominoacan. | Closest to Khlor. Related to Alak 2. | Speakers have some proficiency in Baoulé, Jula, or French. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: below 5%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: below 5%. | |
| nhd | Chiripá | 4,900 in Brazil (1995 AMTB). | Mato Grosso do Sul State, Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, São Paulo. | Apapocuva. | In Brazil, the group is shifting to Portuguese. Speakers are older adults. | Bible. | Bible. | |
| nhe | Nahuatl, Eastern Huasteca | 410,000 (1991 SIL). | Huautla, Hidalgo is the center; also in Puebla and Veracruz. 1,500 villages. | Southeastern Huasteca Nahuatl. 85% intelligibility between Eastern and Western Huasteca Nahuatl. Survey of other dialects needed. Southeastern Huasteca Nahuatl may need separate materials. | Bilingual level estimates for Spanish: 0 50%, 1 10%, 2 10%, 3 10%, 4 19%, 5 1%. | Radio programs. NT: 1984. | Radio programs. NT: 1984. | |
| nhf | Nhuwala | 10 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Western Australia, northwest, Barrow and Monte Bello Islands and nearby coast. | Southeastern Huasteca Nahuatl. 85% intelligibility between Eastern and Western Huasteca Nahuatl. Survey of other dialects needed. Southeastern Huasteca Nahuatl may need separate materials. | Bilingual level estimates for Spanish: 0 50%, 1 10%, 2 10%, 3 10%, 4 19%, 5 1%. | Radio programs. NT: 1984. | Radio programs. NT: 1984. | |
| nhg | Nahuatl, Tetelcingo | 3,500 (1990 census). | State of Morelos, town of Tetelcingo. | Distinct from Morelos Nahuatl. | Bilingual level estimates for Spanish: 0 1%, 1 5%, 2 30%, 3 24%, 4 30%, 5 10%. | Grammar. NT: 1980. | Grammar. NT: 1980. | |
| nhh | Nahari | 108 (1961 census). | Chhattisgarh, Raipur, Bilaspur districts; Orissa, Sambalpur District. | A more divergent variety, related to Halbi. | Bilingual level estimates for Spanish: 0 1%, 1 5%, 2 30%, 3 24%, 4 30%, 5 10%. | Grammar. NT: 1980. | Grammar. NT: 1980. | |
| nhi | Nahuatl, Tenango | 1,977 (2000 WCD). | North of Puebla City, just south of Zacatlán, Puebla, 8 km on a road which branches to the east. 6 towns: San Miguel Tenango, Yehuala, Cuacuila, Tetelatzingo, Zonotla, Zoquitla. | Close to Southeastern Puebla Nahuatl, but first-language speakers of both discovered many differences over a 2-day period. About 50% to 60% intelligibility of Sierra Nahuatl and Northern Puebla Nahuatl, about 80% to 90% of Southeastern Puebla Nahuatl. | Children play in Nahuatl. Positive language attitude. Most speakers can apparently speak some Spanish, but are more comfortable in Nahuatl. | Grammar. NT: 1980. | Grammar. NT: 1980. | |
| nhj | Nahuatl, Tlalitzlipa | 108 (1990 census). | Near Zacatlán, Puebla, 1 village. | 77% inherent intelligibility of Tlaxpanaloya (North Puebla), 58% of Macuilocatl (Western Huasteca Nahuatl), 41% of Tatóscac (Highland Puebla). | Children play in Nahuatl. Positive language attitude. Most speakers can apparently speak some Spanish, but are more comfortable in Nahuatl. | Grammar. NT: 1980. | Grammar. NT: 1980. | |
| nhk | Nahuatl, Isthmus-Cosoleacaque | 5,144 (1990 census). 12 monolinguals. | Veracruz, Cosoleacaque, Oteapan, Jáltipan de Morelos, Hidalgotitlán, Soconusco. | 84% intelligibility of Pajapan, 83% of Mecayapan, 46% on Xoteapan. Not intelligible with Pipil of El Salvador. | Most of the monolinguals are older adults. Speakers also use Spanish. | Grammar. NT: 1980. | Grammar. NT: 1980. | |
| nhm | Nahuatl, Morelos | 15,000 (1990 census). 300 monolinguals. | Morelos, towns of Cuentepec, Santa Catarina Tepoztlán, Tetela del Volcán, Hueyapan, Temixco, Xocotitlán, Tepetlapa, Puente de Ixtla. | 72% inherent intelligibility of Cuaohueyalta (Northern Puebla), 69% of Atliaca (Guerrero), 54% of Macuilocatl (Western Huasteca), 40% of Yahualica (Eastern Huasteca), 36% of Pómaro (Michoacán), 34% of Tetelcingo, 27% of Chilac (Southeast Puebla), 19% of Tatóscac (Highland Puebla), 0% of Mecayapan (Isthmus). Dialects in Canoa, Tlaxcala, and northern Puebla need to be compared with this. | Cuentepec has the most vigorous language use. Only a few children do not speak Nahuatl. Bilingual level estimates for Spanish: 0 0%, 1 5%, 2 10%, 3 45%, 4 30%, 5 10%. | There is a bilingual primary school. | There is a bilingual primary school. | |
| nhn | Nahuatl, Central | 40,000 (1980 census). 1,000 monolinguals (1990 census). Speakers of all Nahuatl varieties: 1,376,898. Ethnic population: 63,000 (1986). | States of Tlaxcala and Puebla. | 72% inherent intelligibility of Cuaohueyalta (Northern Puebla), 69% of Atliaca (Guerrero), 54% of Macuilocatl (Western Huasteca), 40% of Yahualica (Eastern Huasteca), 36% of Pómaro (Michoacán), 34% of Tetelcingo, 27% of Chilac (Southeast Puebla), 19% of Tatóscac (Highland Puebla), 0% of Mecayapan (Isthmus). Dialects in Canoa, Tlaxcala, and northern Puebla need to be compared with this. | There are some monolingual children. The most monolingual location is northeast of Puebla City about 15 km. Spanish is used by a few. | There is a bilingual primary school. | There is a bilingual primary school. | |
| nhp | Nahuatl, Isthmus-Pajapan | 7,000 (1990 census). 500 monolinguals. | Veracruz, towns of Pajapan, San Juan Volador, Santanón, Sayultepec, Jicacal. | 83% intelligibility of Mecayapan (Isthmus Nahuatl), 94% of Oteapan (Cosoleacaque). | Some young families use Nahuatl, others are not teaching it to their children. All domains for older speakers. Oral use in early elementary education, local commerce. All ages. Older adults use it more than others. Low interest in preserving the language. Others have varying fluency in Spanish. A few also speak Popoluca. | Bible portions: 1990. | Bible portions: 1990. | |
| nhq | Nahuatl, Huaxcaleca | 7,000 (1990 census). 55 monolinguals. | Puebla, towns of Chichiquila and Chilchotla. | 87% intelligibility of Highland Puebla Nahuatl, 85% on Orizaba Nahuatl. | The population in about 12 municipios no longer speak Nahuatl. 800 speakers are over 50. 2% under 20 speak Nahuatl. | Bible portions: 1990. | Bible portions: 1990. | |
| nhr | Naro | 4,000 in Namibia (1998 Maho). | Eastern Namibia. | |Amkwe, |Anekwe, G!inkwe, !Gingkwe, G!okwe, Qabekhoe (Qabekho, !Kabbakwe), Ts'aokhoe (Tsaukwe, Tsaokhwe), Tserekwe, Tsorokwe, N|hai-Ntse'e (N||hai, Ts'ao). | Trade language among speakers of other Khoisan languages in Ghanzi District. | Literacy rate in second language: 15 to 29 years 70% Tswana, 15% English; 30 to 54 years 10% Tswana 2% English; 55+ year 2% Tswana, 0% English. Dictionary. Grammar. | Literacy rate in second language: 15 to 29 years 70% Tswana, 15% English; 30 to 54 years 10% Tswana 2% English; 55+ year 2% Tswana, 0% English. Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| nhs | Nahuatl, Southeastern Puebla | 130,000 (1991 SIL). | Southeast Puebla, Tehuacán Region, Chilac and San Sebastián Zinacatepec area. | Approximately 60% intelligibility of Morelos Nahuatl. | Bilingual level estimates for Spanish: 0 30%, 1 20%, 2 20%, 3 20%, 4 10%, 5 0%. | Bible portions: 1992–1995. | Bible portions: 1992–1995. | |
| nht | Nahuatl, Ometepec | 433 (1990 census). | Southern Guerrero, Arcelia, Acatepec, Quetzalapa de Azoyú, Rancho de Cuananchinicha, and El Carmen; and some in Oaxaca, Juxtlahuaca District, Cruz Alta and San Vicente Piñas towns; and Putla District, Concepción Guerrero town. | May be 3 languages. | Speakers also use Spanish. | Bible portions: 1992–1995. | Bible portions: 1992–1995. | |
| nhu | Noone | 25,000 (2001 SIL). | North West Province, Bui Division, northwestern Kumbo Subdivision. | Member of the Eastern Beboid cluster. Lexical similarity 88% with Ncane. | Speakers also use Spanish. | Literacy rate in second language: 25% to 50%. Dictionary. | Literacy rate in second language: 25% to 50%. Dictionary. | |
| nhv | Nahuatl, Temascaltepec | 311 (1990 census). | State of Mexico, towns of San Mateo Almomoloa, Santa Ana, La Comunidad, and Potrero de San José, southwest of Toluca. | 53% intelligibility of Coatepec, Guerrero; 45% of Pómaro, Michoacán; 40% of Santa Catarina, Morelos; 10% of Tlaxpanaloya, Puebla. | Reported to be bilingual in Spanish. | Literacy rate in second language: 25% to 50%. Dictionary. | Literacy rate in second language: 25% to 50%. Dictionary. | |
| nhw | Nahuatl, Western Huasteca | 400,000 (1991 SIL). | Tamazunchale, San Luis Potosí is the center; also in Hidalgo. 1,500 villages. | Western Huasteca Náhuatl. 85% intelligibility between Eastern and Western Huasteca Nahuatl. Separate literature needed for 100,000 speakers of a Central dialect. | Bilingual level estimates for Spanish: 0 50%, 1 10%, 2 10%, 3 10%, 4 19%, 5 1%. | Radio programs. Bible: 2004. | Radio programs. Bible: 2004. | |
| nhx | Nahuatl, Isthmus-Mecayapan | 20,000 (1994 SIL). | Southern Veracruz, Mecayapan Municipio, Mecayapan and Tatahuicapan towns. | Not intelligible with Pipil of El Salvador. | All ages. | Dictionary. Grammar. Bible portions: 1952. | Dictionary. Grammar. Bible portions: 1952. | |
| nhy | Nahuatl, Northern Oaxaca | 9,000 (1990 census). 1,400 monolinguals. | Northwestern Oaxaca, near Southeast Puebla Náhuatl, towns of Santa María Teopoxco, San Antonio Nanahuatipan, San Gabriel Casa Blanca, Teotitlán del Camino, San Martín Toxpalan, Ignacio Zaragosa, Apixtepec, El Manzano de Mazatlán, Cosolapa, Tesonapa (one of the last 2 towns is in Veracruz). In Puebla: Coxcatlán. | 80% intelligibility of Orizaba Nahuatl, 76% of Southeast Puebla and Canoa, 75% of North Puebla, 48% of Tatóscac. | All ages. | Bible portions: 1999–2002. | Bible portions: 1999–2002. | |
| nhz | Nahuatl, Santa María la Alta | 2,472 (2000 WCD). 9 monolinguals. | Puebla, Santa María la Alta, Atenayuca. A pocket northwest of Tehuacán, off the Puebla-Tehuacán highway. | 60% intelligibility of Pómaro (Michoacán), 53% of Huatlatlauca, Puebla; 50% of Zautla (Highland Puebla), Chilac (Southeastern Puebla); 40% of Zongolica (Orizaba); 33% of Mecayapan, Veracruz (Isthmus); 30% of Canoa, Puebla. | Reported to be bilingual in Spanish. | Bible portions: 1999–2002. | Bible portions: 1999–2002. | |
| nia | Nias | 480,000 (1989). | Nias and Batu islands off the west coast of Sumatra. | Nias, Batu. | Reported to be bilingual in Spanish. | Bible: 1911. | Bible: 1911. | |
| nib | Nakama | 983 (1980 census). | Morobe Province, 6 villages in rugged terrain west and northwest of Boana of the south side of Saruwaged Range. | North Nakama, South Nakama. | Reported to be bilingual in Spanish. | Bible: 1911. | Bible: 1911. | |
| nid | Ngandi | Extinct. | Upper Wilton River, Northern Territory. | North Nakama, South Nakama. | Reported to be bilingual in Spanish. | Bible: 1911. | Bible: 1911. | |
| nie | Niellim | 5,157 (1993 census). Population includes 1,000 in the city of Sarh and 400 in Niou dialect. | Southwest, Moyen-Chari Prefecture, Sarh Subprefecture, around Niellim town, on the southwest bank of the Chari River. Niou dialect is in Niou on the northeast bank. | Niellim, Tchini (Cuni, Cini), Niou. | Tchini dialect is extinct. | Bible: 1911. | Bible: 1911. | |
| nif | Nek | 1,500 (2002 SIL). | Morobe Province, Nawaeb District, 5 villages in rugged terrain north of Boana on the south side of the Saruwaged Range. | East Nek, West Nek. Lexical similarity 65% with Nuk, less than 60% with Nakama. | Tchini dialect is extinct. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. Bible portions: 1999. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 50% to 75%. Bible portions: 1999. | |
| nig | Ngalakan | 10 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Roper River area, Northern Territory. | Related to Ngalkbun and Rembarranga. | Tchini dialect is extinct. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| nii | Nii | 12,000 (1991 SIL). | Western Highlands Province, Hagen District. | Related to Ngalkbun and Rembarranga. | Tchini dialect is extinct. | NT: 1980. | NT: 1980. | |
| nij | Ngaju | 800,000 (2003). | Kapuas, Kahayan, Katingan, and Mentaya rivers, south. | Pulopetak, Ba'amang (Bara-Bare, Sampit), Mantangai (Oloh Mangtangai). Related to Katingan, Kahayan, Bakumpai. Lexical similarity 75% with Bakumpai, 72% with Katingan, 62% with Kohin, 50% with Dohoi, 35% with Banjar. | Trade language. Trade language for most of Kalimantan, from the Barito to the Sampit rivers, east of the Barito languages, and north in the Malawi River region. | Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1858–1955. | Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1858–1955. | |
| nik | Nicobarese, Southern | 5,045 (2000 WCD). | Nicobar Islands, Little Nicobar and outer Great Nicobar islands. | Condul (Kondul), Great Nicobar, Little Nicobar, Milo, Sambelong, Tafwap. | Trade language. Trade language for most of Kalimantan, from the Barito to the Sampit rivers, east of the Barito languages, and north in the Malawi River region. | Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1858–1955. | Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1858–1955. | |
| nil | Nila | 1,800 (1989 SIL). | Transmigration area on south central Seram Island, central Maluku. 6 villages. (Originally Nila Island in south central Maluku). | Close to Serua. Not intelligible with Teun. | Trade language. Trade language for most of Kalimantan, from the Barito to the Sampit rivers, east of the Barito languages, and north in the Malawi River region. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. | |
| nin | Ninzo | 35,000 (1973 SIL). | Kaduna State, Jema'a LGA; Nasarawa State, Akwanga LGA. | Close to Serua. Not intelligible with Teun. | Speakers have a considerable degree of bilingualism in Hausa. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| nio | Nganasan | 500 (1995 M. Krauss). Ethnic population: 1,300. | Taimyr National Okrug, Taimyr Peninsula, Siberia, Ust-Avam village in the Dudinka Region; Volochanka and Novaya villages in the Khatang Region. They are the northernmost people in Russia, near the Yakut, Dolgan, and Evenki peoples. | Avam, Khatang. | 20% to 60% of the ethnic group speaks Nganasan. Used in the home. The older and middle and a third of the younger generations have full command of the language. It is even more so in Volochanka. Few children are speakers. Ethnic pride is expressed. Status is enhanced by knowledge of the Nganasan language. People are neutral to mildly supportive toward Nganasan. Russian is used as second language. Dolgan is a separate language, but is also used by Nganasan speakers. They formerly had passive bilingualism or trilingualism with Tundra Enets and Nenets. | Taught in school as a second language. Dictionary. Grammar. | Taught in school as a second language. Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| nir | Nimboran | 2,000 (1987 SIL). Ethnic population: 3,500 (1987 SIL). | North Papua, due west of Lake Sentani, about 26 villages. | Lexical similarity 40% with Kemtuik. | Restricted to older people. Children learn Papuan Malay exclusively. Speakers also use Papuan Malay. | Bible portions: 1982–1985. | Bible portions: 1982–1985. | |
| nis | Nimi | 1,381 (1980 census). | Morobe Province, upper Erap River, south of the Saruwaged Range. | Lexical similarity 40% with Kemtuik. | Restricted to older people. Children learn Papuan Malay exclusively. Speakers also use Papuan Malay. | Bible portions: 1982–1985. | Bible portions: 1982–1985. | |
| nit | Kolami, Southeastern | 10,000 (1989 F. Blair). | Andhra Pradesh, Adilabad District; Maharashtra, Chandrapur, and Nanded districts. | Metla-Kinwat, Utnur, Asifabad, Naiki. Not intelligible with Northwestern Kolami. Rao (1950) reports another dialect in Chinnoor and Sirpur taluks of Adilabad District. Naiki is different from Naikri (Zvelebil 1970:13). Lexical similarity 85% to 88% between Naiki and other Southeastern Kolami dialects; 83% between Metla-Kinwat and Utnur; 86% between Asifabad and Utnur; 60% to 74% with Northwestern Kolami. | The Arakh speak the Naiki dialect as first language. Speakers also use Telugu or Marathi except in Maharashtra District. | Literacy rate in second language: Low. | Literacy rate in second language: Low. | |
| niv | Gilyak | 1,089 (1989 census). Population includes 100 Amur, 300 Sakhalin (1995 M. Krauss). Ethnic population: 4,673 (1989 census), including 2,000 Amur, 2,700 Sakhalin (1995 M. Krauss). | Sakhalin Island, many in Nekrasovka and Nogliki villages, small numbers in Rybnoe, Moskalvo, Chir-Unvd, Viakhtu, and other villages, and along the Amur River in Aleevka village. | Amur, East Sakhalin Gilyak, North Sakhalin Gilyak. The Amur and East Sakhalin dialects have difficult inherent intelligibility of each other. North Sakhalin is between them linguistically. | Forced resettlement has weakened language use. Some are scattered and without regular contact with other speakers. Under 10% of the ethnic group speaks Gilyak. Used in the home. Most speakers are older adults. People neutral to mildly supportive toward Gilyak. All members of the ethnic group are reported to be bilingual or monolingual in Russian. | Taught through second grade in settlements at Nogliki and Nekrasovka. Not taught at Amur. Roman and Cyrillic scripts. Dictionary. Grammar. | Taught through second grade in settlements at Nogliki and Nekrasovka. Not taught at Amur. Roman and Cyrillic scripts. Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| niw | Nimo | 350 (1998 NTM). | East Sepik Province, southeast of Ama language. Villages; Nimo (Boyemo), Wasuai, Didipas (including Uburu site), Yuwaitri (moved from Aimi site to Wanawo site), Fowiom, Uwawi, Wamwiu, Binuto, Arakau. | Lexical similarity 71% between Nakwi and Nimo. | Forced resettlement has weakened language use. Some are scattered and without regular contact with other speakers. Under 10% of the ethnic group speaks Gilyak. Used in the home. Most speakers are older adults. People neutral to mildly supportive toward Gilyak. All members of the ethnic group are reported to be bilingual or monolingual in Russian. | Bible portions. | Bible portions. | |
| niy | Ngiti | 100,000 (1991). | Orientale Province, Irumu Territory, south of Bunia. | Lexical similarity 71% between Nakwi and Nimo. | Forced resettlement has weakened language use. Some are scattered and without regular contact with other speakers. Under 10% of the ethnic group speaks Gilyak. Used in the home. Most speakers are older adults. People neutral to mildly supportive toward Gilyak. All members of the ethnic group are reported to be bilingual or monolingual in Russian. | Bible portions. | Bible portions. | |
| niz | Ningil | 952 (2000 census). | Sandaun Province. | Related to Olo, Yau, Yis, Valman. | Forced resettlement has weakened language use. Some are scattered and without regular contact with other speakers. Under 10% of the ethnic group speaks Gilyak. Used in the home. Most speakers are older adults. People neutral to mildly supportive toward Gilyak. All members of the ethnic group are reported to be bilingual or monolingual in Russian. | Literacy rate in second language: 25% to 50%. | Literacy rate in second language: 25% to 50%. | |
| nja | Nzanyi | 9,000 in Cameroon. | North Province, Mayo-Louti Division, Mayo-Oulo Subdivision, west of Dourbeye near Nigerian border in Doumo Region. | Holma. | Forced resettlement has weakened language use. Some are scattered and without regular contact with other speakers. Under 10% of the ethnic group speaks Gilyak. Used in the home. Most speakers are older adults. People neutral to mildly supportive toward Gilyak. All members of the ethnic group are reported to be bilingual or monolingual in Russian. | Schools in nearly every village, but enrollment is usually low. | Schools in nearly every village, but enrollment is usually low. | |
| njb | Naga, Nocte | 35,000 (2001 Mema). | Southeastern Arunachal Pradesh, Tirap District, Khonsa, Namsang, Laju circles; Changlang District; Assam, Lakhimpur District, Jaipur; Northern Nagaland, Mon District, Namsang. | Khapa, Laju, Ponthai (Lamlak). Close to Tase Naga. Ponthai may be the name of an ethnic group, not a dialect. 50% intelligible with Wancho Naga. | All domains. All ages. Assamese or Hindi also used mostly by men, young people and educated people. Others speak Assamese only for trade. English is used by educated office workers. People want to learn English. | Literacy rate in second language: 5.4% (10% male, 0.7% female) (1997 Muanthanga) or 25% (Mema 2001). Radio programs. | Literacy rate in second language: 5.4% (10% male, 0.7% female) (1997 Muanthanga) or 25% (Mema 2001). Radio programs. | |
| njh | Naga, Lotha | 80,000 (1997). | Nagaland, west central, Workha District. | Live, Tsontsu, Ndreng, Kyong, Kyo, Kyon, Kyou. | Speakers also use Naga Pidgin. | Literacy rate is high. Taught in primary schools. Roman script. Grammar. Bible: 1967–2000. | Literacy rate is high. Taught in primary schools. Roman script. Grammar. Bible: 1967–2000. | |
| nji | Gudanji | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Northern Territory, Barkly Tableland, northeast of Lake Woods, Tennant Creek, Elliott, and Borroloola. | Binbinka, Ngarnga. | Speakers also use Naga Pidgin. | Literacy rate is high. Taught in primary schools. Roman script. Grammar. Bible: 1967–2000. | Literacy rate is high. Taught in primary schools. Roman script. Grammar. Bible: 1967–2000. | |
| njl | Njalgulgule | 900 (1977 Voegelin and Voegelin). | Southern Sudan, on the Sopo River just above the Sopo-Boro confluence, and west of the Dinka. 1 village. | Binbinka, Ngarnga. | Speakers also use Arabic. | Literacy rate is high. Taught in primary schools. Roman script. Grammar. Bible: 1967–2000. | Literacy rate is high. Taught in primary schools. Roman script. Grammar. Bible: 1967–2000. | |
| njm | Naga, Angami | 109,000 (1997). | Western Nagaland, Kohima District; Manipur; Maharashtra. | Kohima, Dzuna, Kehena, Khonoma, Chakroma (Western Angami), Mima, Nali, Mozome, Tengima, Tenyidie (Tenyidye). Kohima dialect is now standard Angami. Naga Chokri and Naga Kezhama are eastern Angami groups with their own dialects. Tenyidye is the standard dialect and is understood by all. There are 2 southern varieties (Viswemal, Jakhama) that are not intelligible with these. | Trade language for about 30,000 Naga of other groups. Speakers also use English, Assamese, Naga Pidgin, or Hindi. | Most young people read Angami. Literacy among older people is lower. Roman script. Magazines. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1970. | Most young people read Angami. Literacy among older people is lower. Roman script. Magazines. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1970. | |
| njn | Naga, Liangmai | 20,000 (1997 BSI). | Nagaland, Kohima District, Jhaluke, Paren, Medzephima blocks, upper Barak Valley. | Kohima, Dzuna, Kehena, Khonoma, Chakroma (Western Angami), Mima, Nali, Mozome, Tengima, Tenyidie (Tenyidye). Kohima dialect is now standard Angami. Naga Chokri and Naga Kezhama are eastern Angami groups with their own dialects. Tenyidye is the standard dialect and is understood by all. There are 2 southern varieties (Viswemal, Jakhama) that are not intelligible with these. | Trade language for about 30,000 Naga of other groups. Speakers also use English, Assamese, Naga Pidgin, or Hindi. | Roman script. Bible: 2001. | Roman script. Bible: 2001. | |
| njo | Naga, Ao | 141,000 (1997). | Northeastern Nagaland, central Mokokchung District; Assam. | Mongsen Khari, Changki, Chongli (Chungli), Dordar (Yacham), Longla. | Speakers also use Assamese, English, or Hindi. | Literacy rate in second language: 12% (1971). Roman script. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1964. | Literacy rate in second language: 12% (1971). Roman script. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1964. | |
| njs | Nisa | 500 (1987 SIL). | Inland from east side of Geelvink Bay around Danau Nisa. | Mongsen Khari, Changki, Chongli (Chungli), Dordar (Yacham), Longla. | Vigorous. | Literacy rate in second language: 12% (1971). Roman script. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1964. | Literacy rate in second language: 12% (1971). Roman script. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1964. | |
| njt | Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin | No estimate available. | Southern Suriname, upper Tapanahonij River. | Mongsen Khari, Changki, Chongli (Chungli), Dordar (Yacham), Longla. | Trade language. Formerly used until the 1960s by the Ndyuka and Trio and Wayana peoples for trading. Increasing travel by the Indians to the coast at that time cut back on that trade, and also gave some of them opportunity to use Sranan in contact with the Ndyuka. Many Ndyuka men in their 30s or older now do not know it. Scarcely used at all now. | Literacy rate in second language: 12% (1971). Roman script. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1964. | Literacy rate in second language: 12% (1971). Roman script. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1964. | |
| nju | Ngadjunmaya | 10 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Western Australia, Eyre's Sand Patch, Goddard Creek to Port Malcolm, to Fraser Range, to Naretha and Point Culver, at Mount Andres, Russell Range, Balladonia, and Norseman. | Related to Kalarko. | Trade language. Formerly used until the 1960s by the Ndyuka and Trio and Wayana peoples for trading. Increasing travel by the Indians to the coast at that time cut back on that trade, and also gave some of them opportunity to use Sranan in contact with the Ndyuka. Many Ndyuka men in their 30s or older now do not know it. Scarcely used at all now. | Literacy rate in second language: 12% (1971). Roman script. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1964. | Literacy rate in second language: 12% (1971). Roman script. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1964. | |
| nkb | Naga, Khoibu | 25,600 (2001). Ethnic population: 25,600. | Manipur, southeast, Laiching; mountainous regions along the northern border of Chandel District, Khoibu, Narum, Yangkhul, Saibol villages. | Related to Kalarko. | Trade language. Formerly used until the 1960s by the Ndyuka and Trio and Wayana peoples for trading. Increasing travel by the Indians to the coast at that time cut back on that trade, and also gave some of them opportunity to use Sranan in contact with the Ndyuka. Many Ndyuka men in their 30s or older now do not know it. Scarcely used at all now. | NT: 1988. | NT: 1988. | |
| nkd | Koireng | 3,000 (2002). 1,056 in Manipur (2001 census). | Manipur, Senapati District, 5 villages in Saikul and Kangpokpi subdivisions; Bishnupur District, 3 villages south of Moirang; Chandel District, 2 villages near Palel; Nagaland. | Not intelligible with any related speech varieties (Khasung). Lexical similarity 62% to 68% with Aimol, 60% to 66% with Purum, 64% with Kharam. | Purest Koireng spoken in Satu and Utonglo (Shiekshel). All ages, although children mix Meitei in when speaking Koireng. Proficiency in Meitei is limited (Khasung). All speak Meitei, 50% speak it well. Young people speak English. 15% speak Kom (Shiekshel). | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: 70% to 80%. Older adults read Meitei in Bengali script, Young speakers read English in Roman Script. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: 70% to 80%. Older adults read Meitei in Bengali script, Young speakers read English in Roman Script. | |
| nkf | Naga, Inpui | 10,000 (2000 Bapt Assn). | Manipur, Senapati, Tamenglong, Imphal districts, 16 villages; Nagaland, 4 villages near Dimapur including New Zaluke, Mahei Namchi, Peren; Assam. | Considered by some to be the same language as Puimei Naga. Lexical similarity 68% with Puimei Naga. | Used in the home. All ages; children speak it as their first language. Negative toward Kuki. Speakers want Inpui Naga to be written. 80% speak Meitei, old and young. Educated speak it fluently. Some speakers also use English or Rongmei. | Literacy rate in second language: 70% in English and in Meitei (Bengali script) (Kujinang 2000). Young people want to use Roman script. Meitei is in Bengali script. Some older people read Meitei, few read English. Literacy high among young people in Meitei and English. Roman script. | Literacy rate in second language: 70% in English and in Meitei (Bengali script) (Kujinang 2000). Young people want to use Roman script. Meitei is in Bengali script. Some older people read Meitei, few read English. Literacy high among young people in Meitei and English. Roman script. | |
| nkg | Nekgini | 430 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Madang Province, west of Mot River. | Considered by some to be the same language as Puimei Naga. Lexical similarity 68% with Puimei Naga. | Used in the home and village life. Speakers also use Tok Pisin. | Literacy rate in second language: 70% in English and in Meitei (Bengali script) (Kujinang 2000). Young people want to use Roman script. Meitei is in Bengali script. Some older people read Meitei, few read English. Literacy high among young people in Meitei and English. Roman script. | Literacy rate in second language: 70% in English and in Meitei (Bengali script) (Kujinang 2000). Young people want to use Roman script. Meitei is in Bengali script. Some older people read Meitei, few read English. Literacy high among young people in Meitei and English. Roman script. | |
| nkh | Naga, Khezha | 23,000 (1997). | Eastern Nagaland, Kohima District, Khezhakhonoma, Phek District. | An eastern Angami group with its own language. | Speakers also use Angami Naga. | Grammar. | Grammar. | |
| nki | Naga, Thangal | 23,600 (2001). Ethnic population: 23,600. | North Manipur, Senapati District, hill ranges of East and West Sadar Hills subdivisions, 9 villages along National Highway #39, Mapao Thangal, Thangal Surung, Makeng Thangal, Tumnoupokpi, Yaikangpou, Tikhulen, Ningthoubam, Mayangkhang, and Gailongde. Most are east of Barak Valley groups. 250 square miles. | Close to Maram. | Speakers also use Meitei. | Literacy rate in second language: 90% Meitei, English. Roman and Bengali scripts. Dictionary. | Literacy rate in second language: 90% Meitei, English. Roman and Bengali scripts. Dictionary. | |
| nkj | Nakai | 700 (1999 Mark Donohue). | East of the upper Digul River, Awimbom village in the center of 5 other villages extending toward Ok Sibil to the northeast, and a little way to the southwest toward Iwur. No settlement on the west side of the Digul River, with a large unpopulated area between Nakai and Burumakok. | Close to Maram. | Used in the home and by local government. They report difficulty in understanding Indonesian or Malay. | Literacy rate in second language: 90% Meitei, English. Roman and Bengali scripts. Dictionary. | Literacy rate in second language: 90% Meitei, English. Roman and Bengali scripts. Dictionary. | |
| nkm | Namat | 175 (2000 census). | Western Province, Morehead District, Mibini village south of Morehead. | Close to Maram. | Used in the home and by local government. They report difficulty in understanding Indonesian or Malay. | Literacy rate in second language: 90% Meitei, English. Roman and Bengali scripts. Dictionary. | Literacy rate in second language: 90% Meitei, English. Roman and Bengali scripts. Dictionary. | |
| nks | Asmat, North | 1,000 (1991 SIL). | Near the headwaters of the Paterle Cocq River to the west, to the Unir River to the east, to the foothills in some places, Merauke Kabupaten, Sawa-Erma Kecamatan. | Close to Maram. | Used in the home and by local government. They report difficulty in understanding Indonesian or Malay. | Literacy rate in second language: 90% Meitei, English. Roman and Bengali scripts. Dictionary. | Literacy rate in second language: 90% Meitei, English. Roman and Bengali scripts. Dictionary. | |
| nku | Kulango, Bouna | 15,500 in Ghana (1991). | West central border area. | Sekwa, Nabanj. | Used in the home and by local government. They report difficulty in understanding Indonesian or Malay. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 25%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 25%. | |
| nkx | Nkoroo | 4,550 (1989 UBS). | Rivers State, Opobo-Nkoro LGA. | Sekwa, Nabanj. | Used in the home and by local government. They report difficulty in understanding Indonesian or Malay. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 25%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 25%. | |
| nky | Naga, Khiamniungan | 25,000 in India (1997). | Northwestern. | A divergent member of the Konyak subgroup. | Used in the home and by local government. They report difficulty in understanding Indonesian or Malay. | Roman script. NT: 1981. | Roman script. NT: 1981. | |
| nlc | Nalca | 11,092 (2000 WCD). | Eastern highlands area on north slopes of ranges northeast of Korupun and southeast of Nipsan. | Lexical similarity 59% with Yale, Kosarek. | Used in the home and by local government. They report difficulty in understanding Indonesian or Malay. | Literacy rate in second language: below 1% semiliterate. NT: 2001. | Literacy rate in second language: below 1% semiliterate. NT: 2001. | |
| nld | Dutch | 200,000 in Suriname (1997 Christa DeKleine). | Westhoek in the northeast corner of France between the Artois Hills and the Belgium border. | Brabants, Oost-Vlaams. | Official language. Many are native bilingual speakers of Sranan or Sarnami Hindustani. | Radio programs. TV. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1522–1995. | Radio programs. TV. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1522–1995. | |
| nli | Grangali | 5,000 (1994). | Grangali and Zemiaki in 2 small valleys on the south side of the Pech River at Kandai. Nangalami was in Ningalam village where the Waigal River meets the Pech River, but there may be no speakers left. | Nangalami (Ningalami), Grangali, Zemiaki (Zamyaki). Zemiaki may be related to Waigali. Nangalami had 63% lexical similarity with Shumashti, 42% with Gawar-Bati. | Official language. Many are native bilingual speakers of Sranan or Sarnami Hindustani. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. | Literacy rate in first language: below 1%. Literacy rate in second language: 5% to 15%. | |
| nlk | Yali, Ninia | 10,500 (1999 Wilson). | Central highlands area south of Angguruk, east of Soba, west of Korupun, including Ninia, Holuwon, and Lolat villages. Several hundred at Elelim, transmigrated by government in 1989 following earthquake. More than 50 villages. | Different from Yali of Pass Valley, Yali of Angguruk, and Hupla, but closely related. | Official language. Many are native bilingual speakers of Sranan or Sarnami Hindustani. | Literacy rate in first language: 20% to 25%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 20%. Approximately 10% read haltingly. Bible: 2000. | Literacy rate in first language: 20% to 25%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 20%. Approximately 10% read haltingly. Bible: 2000. | |
| nll | Nihali | 2,000 (1991 Parkin). Ethnic population: 5,000 (1987). | Maharashtra, Buldana District, Jamod Jalgaon tahsil. | Nihal in Chikaldara taluk and Akola District have 25% lexical similarity with Korku (Munda). | Speakers also use Korku, Hindi, or Marathi. | Literacy rate in first language: 20% to 25%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 20%. Approximately 10% read haltingly. Bible: 2000. | Literacy rate in first language: 20% to 25%. Literacy rate in second language: 15% to 20%. Approximately 10% read haltingly. Bible: 2000. | |
| nln | Nahuatl, Durango | 1,000 (1990 census). | Southern Durango, Mezquital Municipio, San Pedro de la Jicoras and San Juan de Buenaventura. San Pedro is 30-minute walk from the nearest air strip, one-day trail from nearest highway. | Vocabulary and phonological differences between San Pedro Jicoras and San Agustín Buenaventura. 76% intelligibility of Michoacán Nahuatl (closest). | Vigorous. Some Tepehuans intermarry with them and speak Nahuatl. All domains. Oral use in elementary education, religion, local commerce. All ages. Positive language attitude. Moderate bilingualism in Spanish. 5% to 10% understand some Southeastern Tepehuan. | Radio programs. | Radio programs. | |
| nlr | Ngarla | 8 (1991 SIL). 10 partial speakers. | Western Australia, Port Hedland area. | Vocabulary and phonological differences between San Pedro Jicoras and San Agustín Buenaventura. 76% intelligibility of Michoacán Nahuatl (closest). | Vigorous. Some Tepehuans intermarry with them and speak Nahuatl. All domains. Oral use in elementary education, religion, local commerce. All ages. Positive language attitude. Moderate bilingualism in Spanish. 5% to 10% understand some Southeastern Tepehuan. | Radio programs. | Radio programs. | |
| nlv | Nahuatl, Orizaba | 120,000 (1991 SIL). | Veracruz, Orizaba area. | Ixhuatlancillo Nahuatl. 79% intelligibility of closest Nahuatl (Morelos). | Vigorous. Some Tepehuans intermarry with them and speak Nahuatl. All domains. Oral use in elementary education, religion, local commerce. All ages. Positive language attitude. Moderate bilingualism in Spanish. 5% to 10% understand some Southeastern Tepehuan. | Bible portions: 1995. | Bible portions: 1995. | |
| nlx | Nahali | 15,000 (2003). | Maharashtra, Nandurbar District, Dhadgaon tahsil, 12 villages around Toranmal, Jalgaon district; Chopda tahsil, north of Amalwadi. | Lexical similarity 58% to 68% with Noiri varieties, 60% to 61% with Dungra Bhil, 69% to 73% with Bareli Pauri. | Vigorous. Some Tepehuans intermarry with them and speak Nahuatl. All domains. Oral use in elementary education, religion, local commerce. All ages. Positive language attitude. Moderate bilingualism in Spanish. 5% to 10% understand some Southeastern Tepehuan. | Bible portions: 1995. | Bible portions: 1995. | |
| nly | Nyamal | 20 to 30 (1991 SIL). | Western Australia, northwest, around Bamboo Creek, Marble Bar, Nullagine, to coast just east of Port Hedland. | Lexical similarity 58% to 68% with Noiri varieties, 60% to 61% with Dungra Bhil, 69% to 73% with Bareli Pauri. | Children speak Nyangumarta or English. | Bible portions: 1995. | Bible portions: 1995. | |
| nma | Naga, Maram | 25,000 (2000). Ethnic population: 25,000. | Assam; north Manipur, Senapati District, 5 villages near Senapati, 26 villages near Maram; Imphal District. | Willong Circle, Maram Khullen Circle, T. Khullen, Ngatan. | All ages. Men are more bilingual in Meitei than women. | Literacy rate in first language: 60% (2003). Literacy rate in second language: 20% (Chema 2000) or 40% to 50% (2003). All young people can read Roman script. Writing system does not indicate tone. Literacy among older people is lower. Roman script. Grammar. Bible portions: 1998. | Literacy rate in first language: 60% (2003). Literacy rate in second language: 20% (Chema 2000) or 40% to 50% (2003). All young people can read Roman script. Writing system does not indicate tone. Literacy among older people is lower. Roman script. Grammar. Bible portions: 1998. | |
| nmc | Ngam | 17,700 in Central African Republic (1996). | Kabo Subprefecture. | Ngam Tel, Ngam Tira, Kon Ngam, Kle, Ngam Gir Bor. | Sara Madjingay is the lingua franca. | NT: 1999. | NT: 1999. | |
| nme | Naga, Mzieme | 29,000 (1997). | Southwestern Nagaland, northeast of Zeme. | Different from Zeme Naga. | Sara Madjingay is the lingua franca. | Roman script. Bible: 1992. | Roman script. Bible: 1992. | |
| nmf | Naga, Tangkhul | 110,000 (1997). | Manipur, Ukhrul District; Nagaland; Tripura. | Ukhrul, Khunggoi, Khangoi, Kupome, Phadang. Ukhrul is principal dialect. | Sara Madjingay is the lingua franca. | Literacy rate in first language: High among young people, lower among older people. Literacy rate in second language: 70% Meitei, English. Taught in primary schools. Roman script. Magazines. Newspapers. Radio programs. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1976. | Literacy rate in first language: High among young people, lower among older people. Literacy rate in second language: 70% Meitei, English. Taught in primary schools. Roman script. Magazines. Newspapers. Radio programs. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 1976. | |
| nmh | Naga, Monsang | 3,200 (2001). Ethnic population: 3,200. | Manipur, Chandel District, Chandel subdivision, Liwchangning, Heibunglok, Liwa Sarei, Japhou, Monsang Pantha villages; Northern Nagaland, near Myanmar border. | Closest to Moyon Naga and Anal. | Speakers also use Meitei, English, Hindi, or Naga Pidgin. | Literacy rate in second language: 80% (Kotha 1988). Literacy program in progress by government and church. (Kotha 88) All can read and write Meitei (Singh 1998). Roman script. | Literacy rate in second language: 80% (Kotha 1988). Literacy program in progress by government and church. (Kotha 88) All can read and write Meitei (Singh 1998). Roman script. | |
| nmi | Nyam | No estimate available. | Taraba State, Karim Lamido LGA, at Andami village. 1 village. | Closest to Moyon Naga and Anal. | Speakers also use Meitei, English, Hindi, or Naga Pidgin. | Literacy rate in second language: 80% (Kotha 1988). Literacy program in progress by government and church. (Kotha 88) All can read and write Meitei (Singh 1998). Roman script. | Literacy rate in second language: 80% (Kotha 1988). Literacy program in progress by government and church. (Kotha 88) All can read and write Meitei (Singh 1998). Roman script. | |
| nml | Ndemli | 5,950 (2000 WCD). | Littoral Province, Nkam Division, between Yabassi, Yingui, and Nkondjok. | Related to Tikar and Bandobo. May be the same as Bandobo. | Speakers also use Meitei, English, Hindi, or Naga Pidgin. | Literacy rate in second language: 80% (Kotha 1988). Literacy program in progress by government and church. (Kotha 88) All can read and write Meitei (Singh 1998). Roman script. | Literacy rate in second language: 80% (Kotha 1988). Literacy program in progress by government and church. (Kotha 88) All can read and write Meitei (Singh 1998). Roman script. | |
| nmm | Manangba | 3,736 (1988 Pohle). | Gandaki Zone, Manang District, Nyeshang area, 7 villages, Marsyangdi River. | Prakaa. Manangba may be distinct from Northern Gurung, which is spoken in Manang District. Very different from Eastern Gurung. | Speakers also use Meitei, English, Hindi, or Naga Pidgin. | Literacy rate in second language: 80% (Kotha 1988). Literacy program in progress by government and church. (Kotha 88) All can read and write Meitei (Singh 1998). Roman script. | Literacy rate in second language: 80% (Kotha 1988). Literacy program in progress by government and church. (Kotha 88) All can read and write Meitei (Singh 1998). Roman script. | |
| nmn | !Xóõ | 200 in Namibia (1985 Traill). | Along the east central Botswana border in the vicinity of Aranos and Leonardville. | Auni (|Auni, |Auo), Kakia (Masarwa), Ki|hazi, Ng|u|en (Nu||en, |U||en, Ng|u|ei, |Nu||en, ||U||en), Nusan (Ng|usan, Nu-San, Noosan), Xatia (Katia, Khatia, Kattea, Vaalpens, |Kusi, |Eikusi), !Kwi. | The N|gamani, |Nu||en, |'Auni, and Ki|hazi are extinct. | Dictionary. Grammar. | Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| nmo | Naga, Moyon | 3,700 (2001). Ethnic population: 3,700. | Nagaland, near Myanmar border; Manipur State, Chandel District, 14 villages including Moyon Khullen, Khongjom, Mitong, Komlathabi, Penaching, Heigru Tampak. | Related to Monsang Naga and Anal. | Can read, speak, and write Meitei quite fluently. Conversant with Monsang and Anal (Singh 98). | Literacy program in progress (Roel 1988). Bengali and Roman scripts. | Literacy program in progress (Roel 1988). Bengali and Roman scripts. | |
| nmp | Nimanbur | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Western Australia, southwest of King Sound, and inland. | Related to Monsang Naga and Anal. | Can read, speak, and write Meitei quite fluently. Conversant with Monsang and Anal (Singh 98). | Literacy program in progress (Roel 1988). Bengali and Roman scripts. | Literacy program in progress (Roel 1988). Bengali and Roman scripts. | |
| nmr | Nimbari | 130 (2002 SIL). | North Province, Benoue Division, Basheo Subdivision, Gorimbari village; Mayo-Louti Division, Guider Subdivision, Padjara-Djabi and Badjire villages. None in Chad or Nigeria. | Related to Monsang Naga and Anal. | Can read, speak, and write Meitei quite fluently. Conversant with Monsang and Anal (Singh 98). | Literacy program in progress (Roel 1988). Bengali and Roman scripts. | Literacy program in progress (Roel 1988). Bengali and Roman scripts. | |
| nmu | Maidu, Northeast | 1 to 2 (1994 L. Hinton). Ethnic population: 108 (1990 census). | California, northern Sierras, Plumas and Lassen counties. | Related to Monsang Naga and Anal. | Members of the ethnic group now speak English. | Literacy program in progress (Roel 1988). Bengali and Roman scripts. | Literacy program in progress (Roel 1988). Bengali and Roman scripts. | |
| nmv | Ngamini | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | South Australia around Narburton Creek. | Related to Monsang Naga and Anal. | Members of the ethnic group now speak English. | Literacy program in progress (Roel 1988). Bengali and Roman scripts. | Literacy program in progress (Roel 1988). Bengali and Roman scripts. | |
| nmx | Nama | 1,196 (2003 SIL). | Western Province, Morehead District, Ngaraita, Mata and Daraia villages immediately east of Morehead. | Related to Monsang Naga and Anal. | Members of the ethnic group now speak English. | Literacy program in progress (Roel 1988). Bengali and Roman scripts. | Literacy program in progress (Roel 1988). Bengali and Roman scripts. | |
| nmy | Namuyi | 4,000 (2000 Sun Hongkai). 200 monolingual speakers, mainly older adults. | Mianning, Muli, Xichang, and Yanyuan counties of the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, and Jiulong (Gyaisi) County in the Ganzi (Garzê) Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of southwestern Sichuan. | Eastern Namuyi, Western Namuyi. Some intelligibility between the dialects, with lexical and phonological differences. Their speakers use Chinese when communicating with speakers of the other dialect. | Vigorous. All domains. All ages. Positive language attitude. About 2,000 can also speak Chinese, 500 Yi, 500 Pumi, a few Tibetan or Ersu. | Speakers are generally better educated than the Yi or Tibetan peoples. Dictionary. Grammar. | Speakers are generally better educated than the Yi or Tibetan peoples. Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| nna | Nyangumarta | 520 (1991 SIL). | Marble Bar, Port Hedlund, Tjalku Wara, Western Australia. | Eastern Namuyi, Western Namuyi. Some intelligibility between the dialects, with lexical and phonological differences. Their speakers use Chinese when communicating with speakers of the other dialect. | Vigorous. All domains. All ages. Positive language attitude. About 2,000 can also speak Chinese, 500 Yi, 500 Pumi, a few Tibetan or Ersu. | Dictionary. Grammar. | Dictionary. Grammar. | |
| nnc | Nancere | 71,609 (1993 census). | Southwest, Tandjilé Prefecture, Béré and Kélo subprefectures. | Eastern Namuyi, Western Namuyi. Some intelligibility between the dialects, with lexical and phonological differences. Their speakers use Chinese when communicating with speakers of the other dialect. | Vigorous. All domains. All ages. Positive language attitude. About 2,000 can also speak Chinese, 500 Yi, 500 Pumi, a few Tibetan or Ersu. | Bible: 1986. | Bible: 1986. | |
| nnf | Ngaing | 2,023 (2000 census). | Madang Province, 15 villages, foothills from coast to Finisterre Range, southwest of Saidor. | Eastern Namuyi, Western Namuyi. Some intelligibility between the dialects, with lexical and phonological differences. Their speakers use Chinese when communicating with speakers of the other dialect. | Vigorous. | Bible: 1986. | Bible: 1986. | |
| nng | Naga, Maring | 17,361 (2001 census). | Manipur, southeast, Laiching; mountainous regions along the northern border of Chandel District, Tengnoupal subdivision. | Eastern Namuyi, Western Namuyi. Some intelligibility between the dialects, with lexical and phonological differences. Their speakers use Chinese when communicating with speakers of the other dialect. | Vigorous. | Bengali script. NT: 2001. | Bengali script. NT: 2001. | |
| nni | Nuaulu, North | 500 (1990 SIL). | Two villages on the north coast of central Seram Island, central Maluku. | Lexical similarity 67% with South Nuaulu, 64% with Saleman. | Vigorous. | Bengali script. NT: 2001. | Bengali script. NT: 2001. | |
| nnj | Nyangatom | 14,177 (1998 census). 13,797 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 14,201 (1998 census). | Extreme southwest corner of Ethiopia, Omo Region. Two settlement centers: Omo River and Kibish River. Transhumance into the region of Moru Angipi in Sudan. | Inherently intelligible with Toposa and Turkana. | 123 second-language speakers. Ethnic identity attitudes are strong. Mutual nonagression pact with the Toposa. Occasionally unfriendly with the Turkana and Sudan Jiye. | Literacy rate in second language: 1.9%. | Literacy rate in second language: 1.9%. | |
| nnk | Nankina | 2,500 (1991 SIL). | Madang Province, Saidor District, in the upper Nankina River valley. | Inherently intelligible with Toposa and Turkana. | 123 second-language speakers. Ethnic identity attitudes are strong. Mutual nonagression pact with the Toposa. Occasionally unfriendly with the Turkana and Sudan Jiye. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 25% to 50%. Bible portions: 1990. | Literacy rate in first language: 5% to 15%. Literacy rate in second language: 25% to 50%. Bible portions: 1990. | |
| nnl | Naga, Northern Rengma | 13,000 (1997). | Nagaland; Kohima District, northern section of Rengma. Kotsenyu is chief village of Ntenyi. | Inherently intelligible with Toposa and Turkana. | 123 second-language speakers. Ethnic identity attitudes are strong. Mutual nonagression pact with the Toposa. Occasionally unfriendly with the Turkana and Sudan Jiye. | Roman script. NT: 1979–2002. | Roman script. NT: 1979–2002. |
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