| id | term | description |
|---|
| 303 |
NFS |
See: Network File System |
| 304 |
NIC |
See: Network Information Center |
| 305 |
NIC.DDN.MIL |
This is the domain name of the DDN NIC. See also: Defense Data Network..., Domain Name System, Network Information Center. |
| 306 |
NIS |
See: Network Information Services |
| 307 |
NIST |
See: National Institute of Standards and Technology |
| 308 |
NNTP |
See: Network News Transfer Protocol |
| 309 |
NOC |
See: Network Operations Center |
| 310 |
Nodal Switching System (NSS) |
Main routing nodes in the NSFnet backbone. See also: backbone, National Science Foundation. [Source: MALAMUD] |
| 311 |
node |
An addressable device attached to a computer network. See also: host, router. |
| 312 |
NREN |
See: National Research and Education Network |
| 313 |
NSF |
See: National Science Foundation |
| 314 |
NSS |
See: Nodal Switching System |
| 315 |
NTP |
See: Network Time Protocol |
| 316 |
OCLC |
See: Online Computer Library Catalog |
| 317 |
octet |
An octet is 8 bits. This term is used in networking, rather than byte, because some systems have bytes that are not 8 bits long. |
| 318 |
Online Computer Library Catalog |
OCLC is a nonprofit membership organization offering computer- based services to libraries, educational organizations, and their users. The OCLC library information network connects more than 10,000 libraries worldwide. Libraries use the OCLC System for cataloging, interlibrary loan, collection development, bibliographic verification, and reference searching. [Source: OCLC] |
| 319 |
Open Shortest-Path First Interior Gateway Protocol (OSPF) |
A link state, as opposed to distance vector, routing protocol. It is an Internet standard IGP defined in RFC 1247. See also: Interior Gateway Protocol, Routing Information Protocol. |
| 320 |
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) |
A suite of protocols, designed by ISO committees, to be the international standard computer network architecture. See also: International Organization for Standardization. |
| 321 |
OSI |
See: Open Systems Interconnection |
| 322 |
OSI Reference Model |
A seven-layer structure designed to describe computer network architectures and the way that data passes through them. This model was developed by the ISO in 1978 to clearly define the interfaces in multivendor networks, and to provide users of those networks with conceptual guidelines in the construction of such networks. See also: International Organization for Standardization. [Source: NNSC] |
| 323 |
OSPF |
See: Open Shortest-Path First Interior Gateway Protocol |
| 324 |
packet |
The unit of data sent across a network. "Packet" a generic term used to describe unit of data at all levels of the protocol stack, but it is most correctly used to describe application data units. See also: datagram, frame. |
| 325 |
Packet InterNet Groper (PING) |
A program used to test reachability of destinations by sending them an ICMP echo request and waiting for a reply. The term is used as a verb: "Ping host X to see if it is up!" See also: Internet Control Message Protocol. [Source: RFC1208] |
| 326 |
Packet Switch Node (PSN) |
A dedicated computer whose purpose is to accept, route and forward packets in a packet switched network. See also: packet switching, router. [Source: NNSC] |
| 327 |
packet switching |
A communications paradigm in which packets (messages) are individually routed between hosts, with no previously established communication path. See also: circuit switching, connection- oriented, connectionless. |
| 328 |
PD |
Public Domain |
| 329 |
PDU |
See: Protocol Data Unit |
| 330 |
PEM |
See: Privacy Enhanced Mail |
| 331 |
PING |
See: Packet INternet Groper |
| 332 |
Point Of Presence (POP) |
A site where there exists a collection of telecommunications equipment, usually digital leased lines and multi-protocol routers. |
| 333 |
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) |
The Point-to-Point Protocol, defined in RFC 1171, provides a method for transmitting packets over serial point-to-point links. See also: Serial Line IP. [Source: FYI4] |
| 334 |
POP |
See: Post Office Protocol and Point Of Presence |
| 335 |
port |
A port is a transport layer demultiplexing value. Each application has a unique port number associated with it. See also: Transmission Control Protocol, User Datagram Protocol. |
| 336 |
Post Office Protocol (POP) |
A protocol designed to allow single user hosts to read mail from a server. There are three versions: POP, POP2, and POP3. Latter versions are NOT compatible with earlier versions. See also: Electronic Mail. |
| 337 |
Postal Telegraph and Telephone (PTT) |
Outside the USA, PTT refers to a telephone service provider, which is usually a monopoly, in a particular country. |
| 338 |
postmaster |
The person responsible for taking care of electronic mail problems, answering queries about users, and other related work at a site. See also: Electronic Mail. [Source: ZEN] |
| 339 |
PPP |
See: Point-to-Point Protocol |
| 340 |
Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) |
Internet email which provides confidentiality, authentication and message integrity using various encryption methods. See also: Electronic Mail, encryption. |
| 341 |
Prospero |
A distributed filesystem which provides the user with the ability to create multiple views of a single collection of files distributed across the Internet. Prospero provides a file naming system, and file access is provided by existing access methods (e.g., anonymous FTP and NFS). The Prospero protocol is also used for communication between clients and servers in the archie system. See also: anonymous FTP, archie, archive site, Gopher, Network File System, Wide Area Information Servers. |
| 342 |
protocol |
A formal description of message formats and the rules two computers must follow to exchange those messages. Protocols can describe low-level details of machine-to-machine interfaces (e.g., the order in which bits and bytes are sent across a wire) or high-level exchanges between allocation programs (e.g., the way in which two programs transfer a file across the Internet). [Source: MALAMUD] |
| 343 |
protocol converter |
A device/program which translates between different protocols which serve similar functions (e.g., TCP and TP4). |
| 344 |
Protocol Data Unit (PDU) |
"PDU" is internationalstandardscomitteespeak for packet. See also: packet. |
| 345 |
protocol stack |
A layered set of protocols which work together to provide a set of network functions. See also: layer, protocol. |
| 346 |
proxy ARP |
The technique in which one machine, usually a router, answers ARP requests intended for another machine. By "faking" its identity, the router accepts responsibility for routing packets to the "real" destination. Proxy ARP allows a site to use a single IP address with two physical networks. Subnetting would normally be a better solution. See also: Address Resolution Protocol [Source: RFC1208] |
| 347 |
PSN |
See: Packet Switch Node. |
| 348 |
PTT |
See: Postal, Telegraph and Telephone |
| 349 |
queue |
A backup of packets awaiting processing. |
| 350 |
RARE |
See: Reseaux Associes pour la Recherche Europeenne |
| 351 |
RARP |
See: Reverse Address Resolution Protocol |
| 352 |
RBOC |
Regional Bell Operating Company |
| 353 |
RCP |
See: Remote copy program |
| 354 |
Read the F*cking Manual (RTFM) |
This acronym is often used when someone asks a simple or common question. |
| 355 |
reassembly |
The IP process in which a previously fragmented packet is reassembled before being passed to the transport layer. See also: fragmentation. |
| 356 |
recursive |
See: recursive |
| 357 |
regional |
See: mid-level network |
| 358 |
remote login |
Operating on a remote computer, using a protocol over a computer network, as though locally attached. See also: Telnet. |
| 359 |
Remote Procedure Call (RPC) |
An easy and popular paradigm for implementing the client-server model of distributed computing. In general, a request is sent to a remote system to execute a designated procedure, using arguments supplied, and the result returned to the caller. There are many variations and subtleties in various implementations, resulting in a variety of different (incompatible) RPC protocols. [Source: RFC1208] |
| 360 |
repeater |
A device which propagates electrical signals from one cable to another. See also: bridge, gateway, router. |
| 361 |
Request For Comments (RFC) |
The document series, begun in 1969, which describes the Internet suite of protocols and related experiments. Not all (in fact very few) RFCs describe Internet standards, but all Internet standards are written up as RFCs. The RFC series of documents is unusual in that the proposed protocols are forwarded by the Internet research and development community, acting on their own behalf, as opposed to the formally reviewed and standardized protocols that are promoted by organizations such as CCITT and ANSI. See also: For Your Information, STD. |
| 362 |
Reseaux Associes pour la Recherche Europeenne (RARE) |
European association of research networks. [Source: RFC1208] |
| 363 |
Reseaux IP Europeenne (RIPE) |
A collaboration between European networks which use the TCP/IP protocol suite. |
| 364 |
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) |
A protocol, defined in RFC 903, which provides the reverse function of ARP. RARP maps a hardware (MAC) address to an internet address. It is used primarily by diskless nodes when they first initialize to find their internet address. See also: Address Resolution Protocol, BOOTP, internet address, MAC address. |
| 365 |
RFC |
See: Request For Comments |
| 366 |
RFC 822 |
The Internet standard format for electronic mail message headers. Mail experts often refer to "822 messages". The name comes from "RFC 822", which contains the specification (STD 11, RFC 822). 822 format was previously known as 733 format. See also: Electronic Mail. [Source: COMER] |
| 367 |
RIP |
See: Routing Information Protocol |
| 368 |
RIPE |
See: Reseaux IP Europeenne |
| 369 |
Round-Trip Time (RTT) |
A measure of the current delay on a network. [Source: MALAMUD] |
| 370 |
route |
The path that network traffic takes from its source to its destination. Also, a possible path from a given host to another host or destination. |
| 371 |
routed |
Route Daemon. A program which runs under 4.2BSD/4.3BSD UNIX systems (and derived operating systems) to propagate routes among machines on a local area network, using the RIP protocol. Pronounced "route-dee". See also: Routing Information Protocol, gated. |
| 372 |
router |
A device which forwards traffic between networks. The forwarding decision is based on network layer information and routing tables, often constructed by routing protocols. See also: bridge, gateway, Exterior Gateway Protocol, Interior Gateway Protocol. |
| 373 |
routing |
The process of selecting the correct interface and next hop for a packet being forwarded. See also: hop, router, Exterior Gateway Protocol, Interior Gateway Protocol. |
| 374 |
routing domain |
A set of routers exchanging routing information within an administrative domain. See also: Administrative Domain, router. |
| 375 |
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) |
A distance vector, as opposed to link state, routing protocol. It is an Internet standard IGP defined in STD 34, RFC 1058 (updated by RFC 1388). See also: Interior Gateway Protocol, Open Shortest Path First.... |
| 376 |
RPC |
See: Remote Procedure Call |
| 377 |
RTFM |
See: Read the F*cking Manual |
| 378 |
RTT |
See: Round-Trip Time |
| 379 |
Serial Line IP (SLIP) |
A protocol used to run IP over serial lines, such as telephone circuits or RS-232 cables, interconnecting two systems. SLIP is defined in RFC 1055. See also: Point-to-Point Protocol. |
| 380 |
server |
A provider of resources (e.g., file servers and name servers). See also: client, Domain Name System, Network File System. |
| 381 |
SIG |
Special Interest Group |
| 382 |
signature |
The three or four line message at the bottom of a piece of email or a Usenet article which identifies the sender. Large signatures (over five lines) are generally frowned upon. See also: Electronic Mail, Usenet. |
| 383 |
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) |
A protocol, defined in STD 10, RFC 821, used to transfer electronic mail between computers. It is a server to server protocol, so other protocols are used to access the messages. See also: Electronic Mail, Post Office Protocol, RFC 822. |
| 384 |
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) |
The Internet standard protocol, defined in STD 15, RFC 1157, developed to manage nodes on an IP network. It is currently possible to manage wiring hubs, toasters, jukeboxes, etc. See also: Management Information Base. |
| 385 |
SLIP |
See: Serial Line IP |
| 386 |
SMDS |
See: Switched Multimegabit Data Service |
| 387 |
SMI |
See: Structure of Management Information |
| 388 |
SMTP |
See: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol |
| 389 |
SNA |
See: Systems Network Architecture |
| 390 |
snail mail |
A pejorative term referring to the U.S. postal service. |
| 391 |
SNMP |
See: Simple Network Management Protocol |
| 392 |
STD |
A subseries of RFCs that specify Internet standards. The official list of Internet standards is in STD 1. See also: For Your Information, Request For Comments. |
| 393 |
stream-oriented |
A type of transport service that allows its client to send data in a continuous stream. The transport service will guarantee that all data will be delivered to the other end in the same order as sent and without duplicates. See also: Transmission Control Protocol. [Source: MALAMUD] |
| 394 |
Structure of Management Information (SMI) |
The rules used to define the objects that can be accessed via a network management protocol. This protocol is defined in STD 16, RFC 1155. See also: Management Information Base. [Source: RFC1208] |
| 395 |
stub network |
A stub network only carries packets to and from local hosts. Even if it has paths to more than one other network, it does not carry traffic for other networks. See also: backbone, transit network. |
| 396 |
subnet |
A portion of a network, which may be a physically independent network segment, which shares a network address with other portions of the network and is distinguished by a subnet number. A subnet is to a network what a network is to an internet. See also: internet, network. [Source: FYI4] |
| 397 |
subnet address |
The subnet portion of an IP address. In a subnetted network, the host portion of an IP address is split into a subnet portion and a host portion using an address (subnet) mask. See also: address mask, IP address, network address, host address. |
| 398 |
subnet mask |
See: address mask |
| 399 |
subnet number |
See: subnet address |
| 400 |
Switched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS) |
An emerging high-speed datagram-based public data network service developed by Bellcore and expected to be widely used by telephone companies as the basis for their data networks. See also: Metropolitan Area Network. [Source: RFC1208] |
| 401 |
Systems Network Architecture (SNA) |
A proprietary networking architecture used by IBM and IBM- compatible mainframe computers. [Source: NNSC] |
| 402 |
T1 |
An AT&T term for a digital carrier facility used to transmit a DS-1 formatted digital signal at 1.544 megabits per second. |
