| id | term | aka | links | description |
|---|
| 1 |
Abby Singer |
|
|
The second-to-last <A HREF="/glossary/S#shot">shot</A> of the day. Named after <A HREF="/glossary/P#prod_manager">production manager</A> <A HREF="/Name?Singer,+Abby">Abby Singer</A>, who would frequently call "last shot of the day" or "this shot, and just one more," only to have the <A HREF="/glossary/D#director">director</A> ask for more <A HREF="/glossary/T#take">take</A>s. See also <A HREF="/glossary/M#martini_shot">martini shot</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 2 |
Above-the-Line Expenses |
|
|
The major expenses committed to before production begins, including story/rights/continuity (writing); salaries for <A HREF="/glossary/P#producer">producer</A>s, <A HREF="/glossary/D#director">director</A>, and <A HREF="/glossary/C#cast">cast</A>; travel and living; and <A HREF="/glossary/P#production">production</A> fees (if the project is bought from an earlier company). Everything else falls under <A HREF="/glossary/B#belowline_expenses">below-the-line expenses</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 5 |
Action |
|
|
"Action" is called during filming to indicate the start of the current <A HREF="/glossary/T#take">take</A>. See also <A HREF="/glossary/C#cut">cut</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/S#speed">speed</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/L#lock_it_down">lock it down</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 9 |
Advance |
|
|
Of a <A HREF="/glossary/C#composite_print">composite print</A>: the distance between a point on the <A HREF="/glossary/S#soundtrack">soundtrack</A> and the corresponding image. Of payment: an amount given before receipt of services. <HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 10 |
Agent |
|
|
A person responsible for the professional business dealings of an <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/D#director">director</A>, or other artist. An agent typically negotiates the contracts on behalf of the <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A> or <A HREF="/glossary/D#director">director</A>, and often has some part in selecting or recommending roles for their client.<P><B CLASS=nice>Fictional Movie(s):</B> <A HREF="/Title?0100395">Postcards from the Edge (1990)</A><BR><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 18 |
Anime |
|
|
A style of animated movie which had its roots in the comic books of Japan. Animation enjoys an immense variety of subject matter and audiences in Japan. Outside of Japan, "Anime" is often used to describe only the adult oriented <A HREF="/glossary/S#scifi">science fiction</A> and fantasy entries in the field.<P><B CLASS=nice>On the web:</B> <A HREF="/List?keywords=anime&&tv=on">List of Anime titles at the IMDb.</A><BR><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 19 |
Answer print |
|
|
The first graded print of a film that combines sound and picture, which is created for the client to view and approve before printing the rest of the copies of the film.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 21 |
Armorer |
|
|
A person who is responsible for weapons on the set of a movie or television show. Duties include providing the correct weapons to suit the era and style of the film, advising the director on use of weapons, choosing the correct blanks, creating a safe set for the use of said weapons, teaching actors about handling and using weapons, making sure use of all weapons is properly licensed, and ensuring the safety of everyone on the set while weapons are in use. <HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 22 |
Art Department |
|
|
The section of a <A HREF="/glossary/P#production">production</A>'s <A HREF="/glossary/C#crew">crew</A> concerned with visual artistry. Working under the supervision of the <A HREF="/glossary/P#prod_designer">production designer</A> and/or <A HREF="/glossary/A#art_dir">art director</A>, the art department is responsible for arranging the overall "look" of the film (i.e. modern/high-tech, rustic, futuristic, etc.) as desired by the <A HREF="/glossary/D#director">director</A>. Individual positions within in this department include: <A HREF="/glossary/P#prod_designer">production designer</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/P#prod_buyer">production buyer</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/S#sfx_superfixor">special effects supervisor</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/D#draftsman">draftsman</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/A#art_dir">art director</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/A#asst_art_dir">assistant art director</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/S#set_decorator">set decorator</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/S#set_dresser">set dresser</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/P#property_master">property master</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/L#leadman">leadman</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/S#swing_gang">swing gang</A>, and <A HREF="/glossary/P#property_assistant">property assistant</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 23 |
Art Director |
|
|
The person who oversees the artists and craftspeople who build the <A HREF="/glossary/S#set">set</A>s. See also <A HREF="/glossary/P#prod_designer">production designer</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/S#set_designer">set designer</A>, set director, <A HREF="/glossary/L#leadman">leadman</A>, and <A HREF="/glossary/S#swing_gang">swing gang</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 24 |
Artifact |
|
|
A visual defect in an image caused by limitations or the malfunction of imaging equipment. See also <A HREF="/glossary/M#motion_artifact">motion artifact</A>, contrast with <A HREF="/glossary/C#cinch_marks">cinch marks</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 25 |
Articulation Artist |
|
|
A person who takes an artist's designs and builds them in a computer, so that animators can manipulate the figures to tell the story of the film.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 27 |
Assistant Art Director |
|
|
An assistant to the <A HREF="/glossary/A#art_dir">art director</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 32 |
Associate Producer |
|
|
An individual who performs a limited number of producing functions delegated to her/him by a <A HREF="/glossary/P#producer">producer</A>, under the direct supervision and control of that <A HREF="/glossary/P#producer">producer</A>. The term may also refer to a person who would qualify as an <A HREF="/glossary/E#executive_producer">executive producer</A> of a project, but for the fact that (s)he acts on behalf of a production company which is subordinate to another one on that project. See also <A HREF="/glossary/C#co-producer">co-producer</A> and <A HREF="/glossary/L#line_producer">line producer</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 35 |
Association of Independent Video and Filmmakers |
|
|
<P><B CLASS=nice>On the web:</B> <A HREF="http://www.aivf.org/">International Home Page</A><br>A membership organization serving local and international film and videomakers—from documentarians and experimental artists to makers of narrative features<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 42 |
Auteur |
|
|
A filmmaker, generally a <A HREF="/glossary/D#director">director</A>, who creates a body of work with a unified sensibility that reveals, through the interplay of themes and styles, a personal worldview. The term originated with <A HREF="/Name?Truffaut,+Fran%E7ois">François Truffaut</A>, whose 1954 essay "Une certaine tendence du cinéma français" put forth the idea that the most interesting films were those that functioned as a medium of personal expression--and therefore bore the distinctive imprint of their "author." American critic <A HREF="/Name?Sarris,+Andrew">Andrew Sarris</A> later translated and expanded this idea into an "auteur theory," which proposed an evaluation of films based on their context within the filmmaker's oeuvre, rather than for their technical proficiency or greater historical significance. The term "auteur" later came to refer to any filmmaker who performed or was intimately involved in all aspects of the moviemaking process (writing, directing, producing, editing, etc.).<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 47 |
AVID |
|
|
Manufacturer of a popular <A HREF="/glossary/N#nonlinear_editing">non-linear editing</A> system. Often used to refer to the system itself, as "AVID editor". Competitors include Lightworks and Apple's FinalCut Pro.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 48 |
Axis of Action |
|
|
In the continuity editing system, the "Axis of Action" is an imaginary line that passes through the two main actors of a scene, defining the spatial relations of all the elements of the scene as being to the right or left. The camera is not supposed to cross the axis at a cut and thus reverse those spatial relations. Also called the "180° line."<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 49 |
B-Movie |
|
|
A low-budget, second tier movie, frequently the 2nd movie in a double-feature billing. B-films were cheaper for studios because they did not involve the most highly paid actors or costly sets, and were popular with theater owners because they were less expensive to bring into their theaters while still able to draw revenue. <HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 53 |
Banned |
|
|
Many countries have either government or official movie classification boards who are responsible for determining the suitability of a movie for <A HREF="/glossary/R#release">release</A> in their country or region. These boards occasionally block the <A HREF="/glossary/R#release">release</A> of a movie either in theaters or on video. Often, a banned movie will find its way around a ban by means of <A HREF="/glossary/B#bootleg">bootleg</A> distribution. See also <A HREF="/glossary/C#censorship">censorship</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 54 |
Behind the Scenes |
|
|
The off-camera goings on associated with filmmaking.<P><B CLASS=nice>Factual Movie(s):</B> <A HREF="/title/tt0102015">Hearts of Darkness: A Filmmaker's Apocalypse (1991)</A><BR><B CLASS=nice>Fictional Movie(s):</B> <A HREF="/title/tt0100395">Postcards from the Edge (1990)</A><BR><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 55 |
Below-the-Line Expenses |
|
|
All physical production costs not included in the <A HREF="/glossary/A#aboveline_expenses">above-the-line expenses</A>, including material costs, music rights, publicity, <A HREF="/glossary/T#trailer">trailer</A>, etc.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 59 |
Bit Part |
|
|
A small unimportant role, usually lasting only one <A HREF="/glossary/S#scene">scene</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 61 |
Black Comedy |
|
|
A comedy in which the humour is derived from subjects which are typically considered "serious", or for which humour is usually considered as unsuitable. Common examples are death, war, suffering, and murder.<P><B CLASS=nice>On the web:</B> <A HREF="/search/title?tv=on&&keywords=black-comedy">A list of black comedies at the IMDb.</A><BR><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 62 |
Blackface |
|
|
The make up technique of making an actor, usually white, to resemble an African American or at least a caricature thereof such as in the final scene of The Jazz Singer (1927). There were also equivalents for Asians (Yellowface) and Native Americans (Redface). It was a standard practice in the early 20th century for the casting of actors in non-white roles and abandoned when it was recognized to be an insult to minorities which also cheated them of casting opportunies.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 65 |
Blocking |
|
|
A process during which the director and actors determine where on the set the actors will move and stand, so that lighting and camera placements may be set.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 66 |
Blooper |
|
|
See also <A HREF="/glossary/O#outtake">out-take</a>. A <A HREF="/glossary/T#take">take</A> of a <A HREF="/glossary/S#scene">scene</A> not used in a movie, usually because of an on-camera mistake made by the cast or crew.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 67 |
Bluescreen |
|
|
A process whereby <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A>s work in front of an evenly lit, monochromatic (usually blue or green) background. The background is then replaced in post production by <A HREF="/glossary/C#chromakeying">chromakeying</A>, allowing other footage or computer-generated images to form the background imagery. See also <A HREF="/glossary/G#greenscreen">greenscreen</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 69 |
Body Makeup |
|
|
<A HREF="/glossary/M#makeup">Makeup</A> applied below the neck or above the wrists.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 70 |
Bomb |
|
|
A movie which is a financial disaster. Exception: in the United Kingdom, when used with "down" (e.g. "went down a bomb"), the term means a rousing success.<P><B CLASS=nice>On the web:</B> <A HREF="/chart/">IMDb Box Office Charts</A><BR><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 72 |
Boom Operator |
|
|
A member of the <A HREF="/glossary/S#sound_crew">sound crew</A> who operates the <A HREF="/glossary/B#boom_microphone">boom microphone</A>. See also sound recordist.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 73 |
Bootleg |
|
|
An unofficial and illegally copied or distributed version of a movie, often of a substandard quality. Bootleg videos are often available for movies that have yet to be released in a particular country, or have been <A HREF="/glossary/B#banned">banned</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 74 |
Bounce Board |
|
|
A large white card made of foam or posterboard used to reflect soft light and for the soft key and fill.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 81 |
Buck |
|
|
Slang for the US Dollar.<P> <A HREF="/Charts/">IMDb Box Office Charts</A><BR><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 84 |
Call Sheet |
|
|
A listing of which <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A>s will be required for which <A HREF="/glossary/S#scene">scene</A>s, and when they will be required. Call sheets are created by <A HREF="/glossary/A#asst_dir">assistant director</A>s and others.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 85 |
Cameo |
|
|
A <A HREF="/glossary/B#bit_part">bit part</A> played by a famous actor who would ordinarily not take such a small part. Originally meaning "a small piece of artwork", the term was borrowed by director <A HREF="/name/nm0027183/">Michael Anderson</A> when attempting to attract famous actors to play <A HREF="/glossary/B#bit_part">bit part</A>s in <A HREF="/Title?0048960">Around the World in 80 Days</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 86 |
Camera |
|
|
A device for recording images.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 87 |
Camera Crew |
|
|
The group of <A HREF="/glossary/C#crew">crewmembers</A> directly involved with operation of the <A HREF="/glossary/C#camera">camera</A>. Individual job titles include: clapper-loader, <A HREF="/glossary/C#camera_operator">camera operator</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/A#asst_cameraman">assistant cameraman</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/D#dp">director of photography</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/F#focus_puller">focus puller</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/G#grip">grip</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/K#key_grip">key grip</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/D#dolly_grip">dolly grip</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/A#add_camera">additional camera</A>.<P><B CLASS=nice>Fictional Movie(s):</B> <A HREF="/Title?0109707">Ed Wood (1994)</A>, <A HREF="/Title?0113677">Living in Oblivion (1995)</A><BR><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 92 |
Cast |
|
|
A collective term for the <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A>s appearing in a particular movie.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 93 |
Casting |
|
|
The process of hiring <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A>s to play the characters in a <A HREF="/glossary/S#script">script</A>, typically done by a <A HREF="/glossary/C#casting_dir">casting director</A>, but with some input from a <A HREF="/glossary/D#director">director</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/P#producer">producer</A>, or <A HREF="/glossary/S#studio">studio</A>. See also <A HREF="/glossary/C#csa">CSA</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 94 |
Casting Couch |
|
|
During the so-called "Golden Age" of Hollwood, it was not uncommon for would-be-<A HREF="/glossary/S#star">star</A>s to grant sexual favours to <A HREF="/glossary/D#director">director</A>s and/or <A HREF="/glossary/P#producer">producer</A>s in return for a role in films. These favours were usually rumoured to be on a couch in the filmmaker's office. The phrase "<A HREF="/glossary/C#casting">Casting</A> Couch" has been popularized, and although the practise has diminished, the term remains in use.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 98 |
Cel |
|
|
A hand drawn sheet representing a single <A HREF="/glossary/A#animation">animation</A> <A HREF="/glossary/F#frame">frame</A>, usualy made of a clear material like cellulose or mylar to allow several layers of composition.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 99 |
Cel Animation |
|
|
A form of animation where hand drawn pictures are transposed on to plastic sheets, each with a different element such as characters and background, and layered on top of each other to create a complete scene. The composition is then photographed and incorporated in the finished film. It was the predominate of form of animation until the rise of computer generated animation in the mid 1990's.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 104 |
Change Pages |
|
|
When a <A HREF="/glossary/S#script">script</A> is being edited during <A HREF="/glossary/P#production">production</A>, changes are distributed to <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A>s and the filmmakers on "change pages", which are usually a different color to the pages of the <A HREF="/glossary/S#script">script</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 106 |
Character Actor |
|
|
An <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A> who specializes in playing a particular style of character, often stereotypical, offbeat, or humorous.<P><B CLASS=nice>On the web:</B> <A HREF="/SearchBios?character actor">Search IMDb for Character Actors.</A><BR><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 107 |
Children's Film Foundation |
|
|
Training scheme in the UK to give schoolchildren experience of all aspects of film making. Now replaced by the Children's Film and Television Foundation<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 108 |
Choreographer |
|
|
A person who plans and directs dance sequences within a movie.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 109 |
Chromakeying |
|
|
An electronic/computerized technique that allows for specific color elements (chroma) to be replaced with different picture elements. See also <A HREF="/glossary/B#bluescreen">bluescreen</A> and <A HREF="/glossary/G#greenscreen">greenscreen</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 110 |
Chute Cowboys |
|
|
Slang term for experienced parachutists that either perform or assist with <A HREF="/glossary/S#stunt">stunt</A>s involving parachutes.
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 111 |
Chyron |
|
|
Text graphics which appear at the bottom of a screen used to describe time, place, or name of person on screen; can also describe the technology used to add the text to the bottom of the screen.
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 113 |
Cinema |
|
|
A place where <A HREF="/glossary/S#screening">screening</A>s occur. Cinemas can be <A HREF="/glossary/H#hardtop">hardtop</A>s or <A HREF="/glossary/O#ozoner">ozoner</A>s.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 115 |
Cinema Verité |
|
|
Literally: Cinema Truth. A <A HREF="/glossary/D#documentary">documentary</A> style in which no directorial control is exerted. The term is frequently misused to describe new-wave "handheld" <A HREF="/glossary/C#camera">camera</A> techniques.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 118 |
Clapper-Loader |
|
|
See <A HREF="/glossary/C#camera_loader">camera loader</A>. <HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 120 |
Claymation |
|
|
<A HREF="/glossary/A#animation">Animation</A> of models constructed from clay or plasticine.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 121 |
Clean Speech |
|
|
A <A HREF="/glossary/T#take">take</A> in which all dialogue was performed without error.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 122 |
Cliffhanger |
|
|
A moment of high drama, frequently used at the end of <A HREF="/glossary/S#serial">serial</A>s. Named for the (now clichéd) practice of leaving a hero or heroine hanging onto the edge of a cliff.<P><B CLASS=nice>On the web:</B> <A HREF="/List?keywords=cliffhanger&&tv=on">List of cliffhanger titles at the IMDb.</A><BR><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 125 |
Cold open |
|
|
A cold open, or teaser, is a short segment of a TV show's action, shown before the program's opening credits are shown. It serves to heighten a viewer's interest and to build dramatic tension before the show begins.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 126 |
Colorist |
|
|
An image artist who, during post-production of a movie or television show, utilizes computer-based alteration/correction programs to go through the movie/show frame by frame to insure color and light continuity. The colorist may also tweak colors to stylistically heighten them (think <i>Sin City</i> or <i>Kill Bill I</i>).<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 127 |
Compositing |
|
|
The combining of visual elements from separate sources into
single images (or sequences of images), often to create the illusion that all
those elements are parts of the same scene. Examples might be incorporating
rendered 3D images (CGI) into filmed material, or extracting elements shot in
front of blue/green screen. Today most compositing is achieved through digital
image manipulation. <HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 128 |
Compositor |
|
|
A person who works with compositing. See also <A HREF="/glossary/D#digital_compositor">digital compositor</a>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 129 |
Co-Producer |
|
|
A <A HREF="/glossary/P#producer">producer</A> who performs a substantial portion of a creative producing function, or who is primarily responsible for one or more managerial producing functions. A co-producer has less responsibility than a <A HREF="/glossary/P#producer">producer</A> for the completion of a project. Note that if a project has more than one <A HREF="/glossary/P#producer">producer</A>, it doesn't mean that these individuals are "co-producers" in the technical sense of that term. See also <A HREF="/glossary/E#executive_producer">executive producer</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/A#assoc_producer">associate producer</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/L#line_producer">line producer</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 130 |
Color Consultant |
|
|
A <A HREF="/glossary/T#technical_advisor">technical advisor</A> with expertise in <A HREF="/glossary/F#film_stock">film stock</A> and <A HREF="/glossary/F#film_developing">film developing</A>, who provides advice for <A HREF="/glossary/C#cinematographer">cinematographer</A>s and color timers.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 131 |
Color Temperature |
|
|
Term that describes the color of light sources; literally, the temperature at which a blackbody emits enough radiant energy to evoke a color equivalent to that coming from a given light source. A high color temperature corresponds to bluer light, a low color temperature to yellow light. The color temperature of daylight is around 5500K.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 134 |
Composer |
|
|
A musician whose music appears in a movie's <A HREF="/glossary/S#score">score</A>. Most movies have at least some original music written for the <A HREF="/glossary/S#score">score</A>, usually after the relevant parts of the movie have been filmed. See also <A HREF="/glossary/L#lyrics">lyrics</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 141 |
Costume |
|
|
The clothes worn by <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A>s when being filmed.<BR><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 142 |
Costume Designer |
|
|
A person who designs the <A HREF="/glossary/C#costume">costume</A>s for a movie.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 143 |
Costume Supervisor |
|
|
The person in charge of <A HREF="/glossary/C#costume">costume</A>s, usually preparing them for use and making sure they are accurate and faithful to the designs. Other responsibilities include consulting with the designers and training, supervising, and scheduling the costume staff.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 145 |
Costumes |
|
|
The person or department responsible for obtaining wardrobe items specified by the <A HREF="/glossary/C#costume_designer">costume designer</A>. Most items are borrowed from the studio's <A HREF="/glossary/C#costume">costume</A> stock or rented from outside companies; others may be created specifically for the production.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 146 |
Cowboy Shot |
|
|
A <A HREF="/glossary/S#shot">shot</A> framed from mid-thigh up. Got its name during the filming of many <A HREF="/glossary/W#western">western</A>s, when this was a common framing used.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 148 |
Crane Shot |
|
|
A <A HREF="/glossary/S#shot">shot</A> taken by a <A HREF="/glossary/C#camera">camera</A> on a crane; often used to show the <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A>s/action from above. Cranes usually carry both the <A HREF="/glossary/C#camera">camera</A> and a <A HREF="/glossary/C#camera_operator">camera operator</A>, but some can be operated by remote control.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 149 |
Creative Consultant |
|
|
A multi-faceted individual that works primarily for the director of a feature, who helps with the creative process of a film in more than one field (e.g. script, special effects, photography sound design, music, etc.) In many cases, creative consultants go unaccredited, like ghost writers, for various reasons. <HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
|
| 152 |
Critic |
|
|
A person who publishes a review of a movie from either an artistic or entertainment point of view.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 153 |
Crosscut |
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The technique of interweaving pieces of two or more <A HREF="/glossary/S#scene">scene</A>s, usually in order to show simultaneous actions or illuminate themes.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 154 |
Cut |
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A change in either camera angle or placement, location, or time. "Cut" is called during filming to indicate that the current <A HREF="/glossary/T#take">take</A> is over. See also <A HREF="/glossary/S#shot">shot</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/A#action">action</A>. A "cut" of a movie is also a complete edited version.<P><B CLASS=nice>On the web:</B> <A HREF="/Sections/AlternateVersions/">IMDb Alternatve Versions Section</A><BR><B CLASS=nice>Fictional Movie(s):</B> <A HREF="/Title?0109707">Ed Wood (1994)</A><BR><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 155 |
Cyberpunk |
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A subgenre of <A HREF="/glossary/S#scifi">science fiction</A> that typically has elements which include a futuristic tone, massive urban areas in decay and poverty, partial environmental collapse, extremely powerful business corporations, random street gang violence with the overall presence of extremely powerful computer, robotic and information technology. <A HREF="/Title?0083658">Blade Runner</A> is considered the definitive cyberpunk movie.<P><B CLASS=nice>On the web:</B> <A HREF="/List?keywords=cyberpunk&&tv=on">List of cyberpunk titles at the IMDb.</A><BR><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 157 |
Day-For-Night |
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A shoot done during that day, that simulates night time, using filters, underexposure, and other techniques to create a feeling of darkness.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
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| 158 |
Deepfocus Shot |
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A <A HREF="/glossary/S#shot">shot</A> in which both the foreground and the background are in <A HREF="/glossary/F#focus">focus</A>. In other words, a <A HREF="/glossary/S#shot">shot</A> with exceptional <A HREF="/glossary/D#depth_of_field">depth of field</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 159 |
Denoument |
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The concluding <A HREF="/glossary/S#scene">scene</A>s of a movie where the story elements are finished and the characters' status after the climax is shown.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 161 |
Designer |
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Someone who creates plans for visual aspects of a production (e.g. <A HREF="/glossary/C#costume_designer">costume designer</A>).<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
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| 162 |
Development |
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The process of working on a fleshing out a script, in hopes that it will be greenlighted for production.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
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| 163 |
Dialect Coach |
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A person who helps train an <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A> in diction and/or the use of accents to suit the character an actor is playing.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
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| 164 |
Dialogue Editor |
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A <A HREF="/glossary/S#sound_editor">sound editor</A> who specializes in editing dialogue.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
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| 165 |
Dialog Editor |
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Please see <A HREF="/glossary/D#dialogue_editor">Dialogue Editor</A><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
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| 168 |
Digital Compositing |
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A technique whereby separately filmed components are combined through <A HREF="/glossary/D#digital_editing">digital editing</A>. Contrast with optical printing.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
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| 169 |
Digital Compositor |
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A person who does compositing by digital means (at a
computer), as opposed to using (pre-digital) optical or physical techniques. <HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
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| 170 |
Digital Editing |
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<A HREF="/glossary/E#editing">Editing</A> a portion of a movie by digitizing one or more <A HREF="/glossary/F#frame">frame</A>s and altering them electronically or combining them with other digitized images, and then printing the modified <A HREF="/glossary/F#frame">frame</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
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| 171 |
Digital Imaging Technician |
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A person who provides
on-set quality control, image manipulation & color correction, production
continuity, trouble shooting and consultation to assist in fullfilling the
requirements and vision of the cinematographer in film-style digital production.
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 174 |
Directing Animator |
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The animator responsible for creating the key poses or key frames of an <A HREF="/glossary/A#animation">animation</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 183 |
Dogme 95 |
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A filmmaking movement launched in 1995 by Danish directors <A HREF="/Name?von+Trier,+Lars">Lars von Trier</A> and <A HREF="/Name?Vinterberg,+Thomas">Thomas Vinterberg</A>, among others. The Dogme 95 Manifesto renounces <A HREF="/glossary/S#sfx">special effects</A> and other forms of "gimmickry" in favor of stripped-down techniques. In order to qualify for Dogme status, filmmakers must abide by the following ten rules (known as the "Vow of Chastity"):<br><br>
1. Shooting must be done on location. <A HREF="/glossary/P#prop">Prop</A>s and <A HREF="/glossary/S#set">set</A>s must not be brought in (if a particular <A HREF="/glossary/P#prop">prop</A> is necessary for the story, a location must be chosen where this <A HREF="/glossary/P#prop">prop</A> is to be found).<br>
2. The sound must never be produced apart from the images or vice versa. (Music must not be used unless it occurs where the <A HREF="/glossary/S#scene">scene</A> is being shot).<br>
3. The <A HREF="/glossary/C#camera">camera</A> must be hand-held. Any movement or immobility attainable in the hand is permitted. (The film must not take place where the <A HREF="/glossary/C#camera">camera</A> is standing; shooting must take place where the film takes place).<br>
4. The film must be in color. Special <A HREF="/glossary/L#lighting">lighting</A> is not acceptable. (If there is too little light for exposure the <A HREF="/glossary/S#scene">scene</A> must be <A HREF="/glossary/C#cut">cut</A> or a single lamp be attached to the <A HREF="/glossary/C#camera">camera</A>).<br>
5. Optical work and filters are forbidden.<br>
6. The film must not contain superficial action. (Murders, weapons, etc. must not occur.)
7. Temporal and geographical alienation are forbidden. (That is to say that the film takes place here and now.)<br>
8. Genre movies are not acceptable.<br>
9. The film format must be Academy 35mm.<br>
10. The <A HREF="/glossary/D#director">director</A> must not be credited.<P><B CLASS=nice>On the web:</B> <A HREF="http://www.dogme95.dk">Dogme</a><BR><HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 186 |
Dolly Grip |
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A <A HREF="/glossary/G#grip">grip</A> that moves a <A HREF="/glossary/D#dolly">dolly</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 187 |
Dolly Tracks |
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A set of tracks upon which a <A HREF="/glossary/C#camera">camera</A> can be moved. See also <A HREF="/glossary/D#dolly">dolly</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 189 |
Double |
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An <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A> who stands in for another <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A> in certain <A HREF="/glossary/S#scene">scene</A>s, some of which may involve dangerous circumstances or require special skills (e.g. a <A HREF="/glossary/S#stunt_double">stunt double</A>). Sometimes <A HREF="/glossary/B#body_double">body double</A>s are used in scenes that call for nudity or intimacy. Contrast with <A HREF="/glossary/S#stand_in">stand-in</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 190 |
Double Bill |
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Two movies shown consecutively, typically for a discounted single admission price. Often the movies are <A HREF="/glossary/S#sequel">sequel</A>s or are otherwise related (by genre, eg). See also <A HREF="/glossary/F#feature_presentation">feature presentation</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/S#supporting_feature">supporting feature</A>, and <A HREF="/glossary/T#trailer">trailer</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 191 |
Draftsman |
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A person who creates the plans for <A HREF="/glossary/S#set">set</A> construction. See also <A HREF="/glossary/S#swing_gang">swing gang</A>, <A HREF="/glossary/P#prod_designer">production designer</A>, and <A HREF="/glossary/A#art_dir">art director</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 192 |
Dresser |
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A wardrobe assistant who helps <A HREF="/glossary/A#actor">actor</A>s with their <A HREF="/glossary/C#costume">costume</A>s.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 195 |
Dutch Tilt |
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A <A HREF="/glossary/S#shot">shot</A> composed with the horizon not parallel with the bottom of the <A HREF="/glossary/F#frame">frame</A>. Used extensively in <A HREF="/Title?0059968">Batman</A>, and frequently by <A HREF="/Name?Welles,+Orson">Orson Welles</A>.<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%"> |
| 196 |
Easter Egg |
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A reference to a movie, person, or event that is intended to be too subtle to be noticed on the initial viewing.
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
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| 197 |
Edge Numbers |
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Numbers printed on the edge of a <A HREF="/glossary/P#print">print</A> to allow easy identification of <A HREF="/glossary/F#frame">frame</A>s.
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
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| 199 |
Editor |
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A person who performs <A HREF="/glossary/E#editing">editing</A> (in consultation with the <A HREF="/glossary/D#director">director</A>) on a movie. This term usually refers to someone who does visual editing. See also <A HREF="/glossary/M#mpeg">Motion Picture Editors Guild</A>.
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
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| 200 |
Effects Stock |
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Special <A HREF="/glossary/F#film_stock">film stock</A> that is typically used by the <A HREF="/glossary/S#second_unit">second unit</A> to generate computerized composites. Effects stock usually has finer <A HREF="/glossary/F#film_grain">film grain</A>, and is usually rated several stops lower than standard stock.
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%">
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